The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 · P75 | And | Καὶ | And | — | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ηνP45 · P75 | He was | ἦν | He was | — | | | haec | erat | He was | ܡܦܩ | He was | ἦν | He was | |||||
εκβαλλωνP45 · P75 | casting out | ἐκβάλλων | casting out | — | | | — | ejiciens | casting out | ܫܐܕܐ | casting out | ἐκβάλλων | casting out | |||||
δαιμονιονP45 · P75 | a demon | δαιμόνιον | a demon | — | | | autem | dæmonium | a demon | ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ | a demon | δαιμόνιον | a demon | |||||
κωφονP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | — | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | it | αὐτὸ | it | — | | | illi | illud | it | ܚܪܫܐ | it | αὐτὸ | it | |||||
εγενετοP45 · P75 | was | ἦν | was | — | | | dicente | erat | was | ܗܘܐ | was | ἦν | was | |||||
τουP45 · P75 | mute. | κωφόν. | mute. | — | | | eo | mutum | mute. | ܕܟܕ | mute. | κωφόν | mute. | |||||
δαιμονιουP45 · P75 | it came to pass | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | — | | | — | Et | it came to pass | ܢܦܩ | it came to pass | Ἐγένετο | it came to pass | |||||
εξελθοντοσP45 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | offertur | cum | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δέ | then | |||||
ελαλησενP45 · P75 | from the | τοῦ | from the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | from the | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | demon | δαιμονίου | demon | — | | | eiecto | ejecisset | demon | ܫܐܕܐ | demon | δαιμονίου | demon | |||||
εθαυμασανP45 · P75 | having gone out | ἐξελθόντος | having gone out | — | | | daemoniosus | dæmonium | having gone out | ܡܠܠ | having gone out | ἐξελθόντος | having gone out | |||||
οιP45 · P75 | spoke | ἐλάλησεν | spoke | — | | | — | locutus | spoke | — | — | ἐλάλησεν | spoke | |||||
οχλοιP45 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | — | | | surdus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
κωφός,P45 · P75 | mute | κωφός, | mute | κωφος | | | eo | est | mute | ܗܘ | mute | κωφός | mute | |||||
καὶP45 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | — | mutus | And | ܚܪܫܐ | And | καὶ | And | |||||
ἐθαύμασανP45 · P75 | marveled | ἐθαύμασαν | marveled | — | | | omnes | et | marveled | ܘܐܬܕܡܪܘ | marveled | ἐθαύμασαν | marveled | |||||
οἱP45 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
ὄχλοι.¶P45 · P75 | crowds. | ὄχλοι.¶ | crowds. | — | | | mirabantur | admiratæ | crowds. | ܟܢܫܐ | crowds. | ὄχλοι | crowds. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||