The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 · P66 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | et | And | ܘܐܬܘ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
πολλοιP45 · P66 · P75 | many | πολλοὶ | many | πολλοι | | | iohannes | — | — | ܐܢܫܐ | many | πολλοὶ | many | |||||
ηλθονP45 · P66 · P75 | came | ἦλθον | came | ηλθον | | | multi | multi | came | ܤܓܝܐܐ | came | ἦλθον | came | |||||
προσP45 · P66 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | omnia | — | — | ܠܘܬܗ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτονP45 · P66 · P75 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | uenerunt | venerunt | Him | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | |||||
καιP45 · P66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | ad | ad | and | ܗܘܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ελεγονP45 · P66 · P75 | were saying | ἔλεγον | were saying | ελεγον | | | autem | — | — | ܕܝܘܚܢܢ | were saying | ἔλεγον | were saying | |||||
οτιP45 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | — | | | eum | eum | that | ܐܦ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
ιωαννησP45 · P66 · P75 | John | Ἰωάννης | John | — | | | quae | — | — | ܠܐ | John | Ἰωάννης | John | |||||
μενP45 · P66 · P75 | indeed | μὲν | indeed | μεν | | | et | et | indeed | ܚܕܐ | indeed | μὲν | indeed | |||||
σημειονP45 · P66 · P75 | sign | σημεῖον | sign | σημειον | | | iohannes | — | — | — | — | σημεῖον | sign | |||||
εποιησενP45 · P66 · P75 | did | ἐποίησεν | did | εποιησεν | | | dicebant | dicebant | did | ܐܬܐ | did | ἐποίησεν | did | |||||
ουδεP45 · P66 · P75 | nothing, | οὐδέν, | nothing, | ουδεν | | | — | Quia | nothing, | ܥܒܕ | nothing, | οὐδέν | nothing, | |||||
ενP45 · P66 · P75 | everything | πάντα | everything | παντα | | | dixit | — | — | ܟܠܡܕܡ | everything | πάντα | everything | |||||
πανταP45 · P66 · P75 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | de | Joannes | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
δεP45 · P66 · P75 | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | οσα | | | eo | — | — | ܕܐܡܪ | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | |||||
οσαP45 · P66 · P75 | said | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | quidem | quidem | said | ܝܘܚܢܢ | said | εἶπεν | said | |||||
ιωαννησP45 · P66 · P75 | John | Ἰωάννης | John | — | | | uera | — | — | ܥܠ | John | Ἰωάννης | John | |||||
ειπενP45 · P66 · P75 | about | περὶ | about | περι | | | signum | signum | about | ܓܒܪܐ | about | περὶ | about | |||||
περιP45 · P66 · P75 | this man | τούτου | this man | τουτου | | | fecit | fecit | this man | ܗܢܐ | this man | τούτου | this man | |||||
τουτουP45 · P66 · P75 | true | ἀληθῆ | true | αληθη | | | erant | — | — | ܫܪܝܪ | true | ἀληθῆ | true | |||||
αληθηP45 · P66 · P75 | was. | ἦν. | was. | ην | | | nullum | nullum | was. | ܗܘ | was. | ἦν | was. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||