The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλοιP45 · P66 · P75 | Others | ἄλλοι | Others | αλλοι | | | alii | Alii | Others | ܐܚܪܢܐ | Others | Ἄλλοι | Others | |||||
ελεγονP45 · P66 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | — | | | dicebant | dicebant | now | ܕܝܢ | but | ἔλεγον | now | |||||
ταυταP45 · P66 · P75 | were saying; | ἔλεγον· | were saying; | ελεγον | | | autem | Hæc | were saying; | ܐܡܪܝܢ | were saying; | Ταῦτα | were saying; | |||||
ταP45 · P66 · P75 | These | ταῦτα | These | — | | | uerba | verba | These | ܗܘܘ | These | τὰ | These | |||||
ρηματαP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | τὰ | <the> | — | | | haec | — | — | — | — | ῥήματα | <the> | |||||
ουκP45 · P66 · P75 | declarations | ῥήματα | declarations | — | | | non | non | declarations | ܡܠܐ | declarations | οὐκ | declarations | |||||
εστινP45 · P66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | sunt | sunt | not | ܠܐ | not | ἔστιν | not | |||||
δαιμονιζομενουP45 · P66 · P75 | are those | ἔστιν | are those | — | | | daemonium | dæmonium | are those | ܗܘܝ | are those | δαιμονιζομένου | are those | |||||
μηP45 · P66 · P75 | of one demonised; | δαιμονιζομένου· | of one demonised; | δαιμονιζομενου | | | habentis | habentis | of one demonised; | ܕܕܝܘܢܐ | of one demonised; | μὴ | of one demonised; | |||||
δαιμονιονP45 · P66 · P75 | Surely not | μὴ | Surely not | μη | | | numquid | numquid | Surely not | ܠܡܐ | Surely not | δαιμόνιον | Surely not | |||||
δυναταιP45 · P66 · P75 | a demon | δαιμόνιον | a demon | δαιμονιον | | | daemonium | dæmonium | a demon | ܕܝܘܐ | a demon | δύναται | a demon | |||||
τυφλωνP45 · P66 · P75 | is able | δύναται | is able | δυναται | | | potest | potest | is able | ܡܫܟܚ | is able | τυφλῶν | is able | |||||
οφθαλμουσP45 · P66 · P75 | of the blind | τυφλῶν | of the blind | — | | | caecorum | cæcorum | of the blind | ܥܝܢܐ | of the blind | ὀφθαλμοὺς | of the blind | |||||
ανοιξαιP45 · P66 · P75 | their eyes | ὀφθαλμοὺς | their eyes | οφθαλμους | | | oculos | oculos | their eyes | ܕܤܡܝܐ | their eyes | ἀνοίγειν | their eyes | |||||
ἀνοῖξαι;¶P45 · P66 · P75 | to open? | ἀνοῖξαι;¶ | to open? | — | | | aperire | aperire | to open? | ܠܡܦܬܚܘ | to open? | ἀνοῖξαι;¶ | to open? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||