Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
οP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	obes	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	the
μισθωτοσP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		hired servant	μισθωτὸς	hired servant	—	\|	mercennarius	Mercenarius	hired servant	ܐܓܝܪܐ	hired servant	μισθωτὸς	hired servant
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		now	δέ	now	δε	\|	autem	autem	now	ܕܝܢ	but	δέ	now
ουκP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		however	καὶ	however	και	\|	et	et	however	ܕܠܐ	however	καὶ	however
ωνP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	qui	qui	not	—	—	οὐκ	not
ποιμηνP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		being	ὢν	being	ων	\|	non	non	being	ܗܘܐ	being	ὢν	being
ουP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the shepherd,	ποιμήν,	the shepherd,	ποιμην	\|	est	est	the shepherd,	ܪܥܝܐ	the shepherd,	ποιμήν	the shepherd,
ουκP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		whose	οὗ	whose	ου	\|	pastor	pastor	whose	ܘܠܘ	whose	οὗ	whose
εστινP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	cuius	cujus	not	ܕܝܠܗ	not	οὐκ	not
ιδιαP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		are	ἔστιν	are	—	\|	non	non	are	ܐܢܘܢ	are	εἰσὶν	are
ταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
προβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		sheep	πρόβατα	sheep	προβατα	\|	sunt	sunt	sheep	—	—	πρόβατα	sheep
θεωρειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		his own,	ἴδια,	his own,	ιδια	\|	oues	oves	his own,	ܥܪܒܐ	his own,	ἴδια	his own,
τονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		he sees	θεωρεῖ	he sees	θεωρει	\|	propriae	propriæ	he sees	ܡܐ	he sees	θεωρεῖ	he sees
λυκονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
ερχομενονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		wolf	λύκον	wolf	λυκον	\|	uidet	videt	wolf	ܕܚܙܐ	wolf	λύκον	wolf
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		coming	ἐρχόμενον	coming	ερχομενον	\|	lupum	lupum	coming	ܕܐܒܐ	coming	ἐρχόμενον	coming
αφειησινP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	uenientem	venientem	and	ܕܐܬܐ	and	καὶ	and
ταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		he leaves	ἀφίησιν	he leaves	αφιησιν	\|	et	et	he leaves	ܫܒܩ	he leaves	ἀφίησιν	he leaves
προβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		sheep	πρόβατα	sheep	προβατα	\|	—	dimittit	sheep	—	—	πρόβατα	sheep
φευγειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	—	oves	and	ܥܢܐ	and	καὶ	and
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		flees —	φεύγει,	flees —	φευγει	\|	et	et	flees —	ܘܥܪܩ	flees —	φεύγει	flees —
οP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	fugit	fugit	and	ܘܐܬܐ	and	καὶ	and
λυκοσP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
αρπαζειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		wolf	λύκος	wolf	λυκος	\|	et	et	wolf	ܕܐܒܐ	wolf	λύκος	wolf
αυταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		snatches	ἁρπάζει	snatches	αρπαζει	\|	lupus	lupus	snatches	ܚܛܦ	snatches	ἁρπάζει	snatches
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		them	αὐτὰ	them	—	\|	rapit	rapit	them	—	—	αὐτά	them
σκορπιζειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܒܕܪ	and	καὶ	and
σκορπίζει.P44 · P45 · P66 · P75		scatters —.	σκορπίζει.	scatters —.	σκορπιζει	\|	dismittit	dispergit	scatters —.	ܠܗ	scatters —.	σκορπίζει	scatters —.
τὰP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		<the>	τὰ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	<the>
πρόβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		sheep	πρόβατα	sheep	—	\|	dispargit	oves	sheep	ܠܥܢܐ	sheep	πρόβατα	sheep
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
οP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	obes	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	the
μισθωτοσP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		hired servant	μισθωτὸς	hired servant	—	\|	mercennarius	Mercenarius	hired servant	ܐܓܝܪܐ	hired servant	μισθωτὸς	hired servant
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		now	δέ	now	δε	\|	autem	autem	now	ܕܝܢ	but	δέ	now
ουκP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		however	καὶ	however	και	\|	et	et	however	ܕܠܐ	however	καὶ	however
ωνP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	qui	qui	not	—	—	οὐκ	not
ποιμηνP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		being	ὢν	being	ων	\|	non	non	being	ܗܘܐ	being	ὢν	being
ουP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the shepherd,	ποιμήν,	the shepherd,	ποιμην	\|	est	est	the shepherd,	ܪܥܝܐ	the shepherd,	ποιμήν	the shepherd,
ουκP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		whose	οὗ	whose	ου	\|	pastor	pastor	whose	ܘܠܘ	whose	οὗ	whose
εστινP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	cuius	cujus	not	ܕܝܠܗ	not	οὐκ	not
ιδιαP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		are	ἔστιν	are	—	\|	non	non	are	ܐܢܘܢ	are	εἰσὶν	are
ταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
προβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		sheep	πρόβατα	sheep	προβατα	\|	sunt	sunt	sheep	—	—	πρόβατα	sheep
θεωρειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		his own,	ἴδια,	his own,	ιδια	\|	oues	oves	his own,	ܥܪܒܐ	his own,	ἴδια	his own,
τονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		he sees	θεωρεῖ	he sees	θεωρει	\|	propriae	propriæ	he sees	ܡܐ	he sees	θεωρεῖ	he sees
λυκονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	τὸν	the	τον	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸν	the
ερχομενονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		wolf	λύκον	wolf	λυκον	\|	uidet	videt	wolf	ܕܚܙܐ	wolf	λύκον	wolf
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		coming	ἐρχόμενον	coming	ερχομενον	\|	lupum	lupum	coming	ܕܐܒܐ	coming	ἐρχόμενον	coming
αφειησινP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	uenientem	venientem	and	ܕܐܬܐ	and	καὶ	and
ταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		he leaves	ἀφίησιν	he leaves	αφιησιν	\|	et	et	he leaves	ܫܒܩ	he leaves	ἀφίησιν	he leaves
προβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		sheep	πρόβατα	sheep	προβατα	\|	—	dimittit	sheep	—	—	πρόβατα	sheep
φευγειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	—	oves	and	ܥܢܐ	and	καὶ	and
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		flees —	φεύγει,	flees —	φευγει	\|	et	et	flees —	ܘܥܪܩ	flees —	φεύγει	flees —
οP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	fugit	fugit	and	ܘܐܬܐ	and	καὶ	and
λυκοσP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		the	ὁ	the	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	the
αρπαζειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		wolf	λύκος	wolf	λυκος	\|	et	et	wolf	ܕܐܒܐ	wolf	λύκος	wolf
αυταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		snatches	ἁρπάζει	snatches	αρπαζει	\|	lupus	lupus	snatches	ܚܛܦ	snatches	ἁρπάζει	snatches
καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		them	αὐτὰ	them	—	\|	rapit	rapit	them	—	—	αὐτά	them
σκορπιζειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܒܕܪ	and	καὶ	and
σκορπίζει.P44 · P45 · P66 · P75		scatters —.	σκορπίζει.	scatters —.	σκορπιζει	\|	dismittit	dispergit	scatters —.	ܠܗ	scatters —.	σκορπίζει	scatters —.
τὰP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		<the>	τὰ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	<the>
πρόβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75		sheep	πρόβατα	sheep	—	\|	dispargit	oves	sheep	ܠܥܢܐ	sheep	πρόβατα	sheep
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	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

οP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

the

ὁ

the

obes

—

Ὁ

the

μισθωτοσP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

hired servant

μισθωτὸς

hired servant

—

mercennarius

Mercenarius

hired servant

ܐܓܝܪܐ

hired servant

μισθωτὸς

hired servant

καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

now

δέ

now

δε

autem

now

ܕܝܢ

but

δέ

now

ουκP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

however

καὶ

however

και

however

ܕܠܐ

however

καὶ

however

ωνP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

not

οὐκ

not

ουκ

qui

not

—

οὐκ

not

ποιμηνP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

being

ὢν

being

ων

non

being

ܗܘܐ

being

ὢν

being

ουP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

the shepherd,

ποιμήν,

the shepherd,

ποιμην

est

the shepherd,

ܪܥܝܐ

the shepherd,

ποιμήν

the shepherd,

ουκP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

whose

οὗ

whose

ου

pastor

whose

ܘܠܘ

whose

οὗ

whose

εστινP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

not

οὐκ

not

ουκ

cuius

cujus

not

ܕܝܠܗ

not

οὐκ

not

ιδιαP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

are

ἔστιν

are

—

non

are

ܐܢܘܢ

are

εἰσὶν

are

ταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

the

τὰ

the

τα

—

τὰ

the

προβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

sheep

πρόβατα

sheep

προβατα

sunt

sheep

—

πρόβατα

sheep

θεωρειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

his own,

ἴδια,

his own,

ιδια

oues

oves

his own,

ܥܪܒܐ

his own,

ἴδια

his own,

τονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

he sees

θεωρεῖ

he sees

θεωρει

propriae

propriæ

he sees

ܡܐ

he sees

θεωρεῖ

he sees

λυκονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

the

τὸν

the

τον

—

τὸν

the

ερχομενονP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

wolf

λύκον

wolf

λυκον

uidet

videt

wolf

ܕܚܙܐ

wolf

λύκον

wolf

καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

coming

ἐρχόμενον

coming

ερχομενον

lupum

coming

ܕܐܒܐ

coming

ἐρχόμενον

coming

αφειησινP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

and

καὶ

and

και

uenientem

venientem

and

ܕܐܬܐ

and

καὶ

and

ταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

he leaves

ἀφίησιν

he leaves

αφιησιν

he leaves

ܫܒܩ

he leaves

ἀφίησιν

he leaves

προβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

the

τὰ

the

τα

—

τὰ

the

καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

sheep

πρόβατα

sheep

προβατα

—

dimittit

sheep

—

πρόβατα

sheep

φευγειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

and

καὶ

and

και

—

oves

and

ܥܢܐ

and

καὶ

and

καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

flees —

φεύγει,

flees —

φευγει

flees —

ܘܥܪܩ

flees —

φεύγει

flees —

οP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

and

καὶ

and

και

fugit

and

ܘܐܬܐ

and

καὶ

and

λυκοσP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

the

ὁ

the

—

ὁ

the

αρπαζειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

wolf

λύκος

wolf

λυκος

wolf

ܕܐܒܐ

wolf

λύκος

wolf

αυταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

snatches

ἁρπάζει

snatches

αρπαζει

lupus

snatches

ܚܛܦ

snatches

ἁρπάζει

snatches

καιP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

them

αὐτὰ

them

—

rapit

them

—

αὐτά

them

σκορπιζειP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

and

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܡܒܕܪ

and

καὶ

and

σκορπίζει.P44 · P45 · P66 · P75

scatters —.

σκορπίζει.

scatters —.

σκορπιζει

dismittit

dispergit

scatters —.

ܠܗ

scatters —.

σκορπίζει

scatters —.

τὰP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

<the>

τὰ

<the>

—

τὰ

<the>

πρόβαταP44 · P45 · P66 · P75

sheep

πρόβατα

sheep

—

dispargit

oves

sheep

ܠܥܢܐ

sheep

πρόβατα

sheep

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John 10:12

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

John 10:12

Translation Lineage