The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καὶP19 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܠ | And | καὶ | And | |||||
ὃςP19 | he who | ὃς | he who | ος | | | qui | qui | he who | — | — | ὃς | he who | |||||
οὐP19 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܕܠܐ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
λαμβάνειP19 | takes | λαμβάνει | takes | λαμβανει | | | accipit | accipit | takes | ܫܩܠ | takes | λαμβάνει | takes | |||||
τὸνP19 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | post | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
σταυρὸνP19 | cross | σταυρὸν | cross | σταυρον | | | crucem | crucem | cross | — | — | σταυρὸν | cross | |||||
αὐτοῦP19 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | suam | suam | of him | ܙܩܝܦܗ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
καὶP19 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
ἀκολουθεῖP19 | follows | ἀκολουθεῖ | follows | ακολουθει | | | et | et | follows | ܘܐܬܐ | follows | ἀκολουθεῖ | follows | |||||
ὀπίσωP19 | after | ὀπίσω | after | οπισω | | | sequitur | sequitur | after | ܒܬܪܝ | after | ὀπίσω | after | |||||
μου,P19 | Me, | μου, | Me, | μου | | | me | me | Me, | — | — | μου | Me, | |||||
οὐκP19 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
ἔστινP19 | is | ἔστιν | is | εστιν | | | est | est | is | ܫܘܐ | is | ἔστιν | is | |||||
μουP19 | of Me | μου | of Me | μου | | | me | me | of Me | — | — | μου | of Me | |||||
ἄξιος.P19 | worthy. | ἄξιος. | worthy. | αξιος | | | dignus | dignus | worthy. | ܠܝ | worthy. | ἄξιος | worthy. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||