The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | et | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | ihs | Jesus | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | aut | autem | Jesus | ܕܝܢ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | ait | ait | said | ܐܡܪ | said | εἶπεν | said | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | — | eis | to them; | ܠܗܘܢ | to them; | αὐτοῖς | to them; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | nescitis | Nescitis | Not | ܠܐ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | οἴδατε | you know | οιδατε | | | quid | quid | you know | ܝܕܥܝܢ | you know | οἴδατε | you know | ||||||
| — | τί | what | τει | | | petatis | petatis | what | ܐܢܬܘܢ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | αἰτεῖσθε. | you ask. | αιτισθε | | | potestis | potestis | you ask. | ܡܢܐ | you ask. | αἰτεῖσθε | you ask. | ||||||
| — | δύνασθε | Are you able | — | | | bibere | bibere | Are you able | ܫܐܠܝܢ | Are you able | Δύνασθε | Are you able | ||||||
| — | πιεῖν | to drink | — | | | respondens | — | — | ܐܢܬܘܢ | to drink | πιεῖν | to drink | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | illis | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | ποτήριον | cup | ποτηριον | | | calicem | calicem | cup | ܡܫܟܚܝܢ | cup | ποτήριον | cup | ||||||
| — | ὃ | which | ο | | | quem | — | — | — | — | ὃ | which | ||||||
| — | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | ego | I myself | ܕܬܫܬܘܢ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | ||||||
| — | πίνω | drink | πεινω | | | — | bibo | drink | ܟܤܐ | drink | πίνω | drink | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | uiuiturus | — | — | — | — | καὶ | or | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | sum | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | βάπτισμα | baptism | βαπτισμα | | | baptismum | baptismo | baptism | ܫܬܐ | baptism | βάπτισμα | baptism | ||||||
| — | ὃ | which | ο | | | quod | — | — | — | — | ὃ | which | ||||||
| — | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | ego | I myself | ܘܡܥܡܘܕܝܬܐ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | ||||||
| — | βαπτίζομαι | am baptized | βαπτιζομαι | | | baptizor | baptizor | am baptized | ܕܐܢܐ | am baptized | βαπτίζομαι | am baptized | ||||||
| — | βαπτισθῆναι; | to be baptized with? | βαπτισθηναι | | | baptizari | baptizari | to be baptized with? | ܥܡܕ | to be baptized with? | βαπτισθῆναι | to be baptized with? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||