The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειP45 · P66 · P75 | If | εἰ | If | ει | | | si | Si | If | ܐܢ | If | εἰ | If | |||||
δεP45 · P66 · P75 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
ποιωP45 · P66 · P75 | I do, | ποιῶ, | I do, | ποιω | | | facio | facio | I do, | ܥܒܕ | I do, | ποιῶ | I do, | |||||
κανP45 · P66 · P75 | even if | κἂν | even if | καν | | | et | etsi | even if | ܐܢܐ | even if | κἂν | even if | |||||
εμοιP45 · P66 · P75 | Me myself | ἐμοὶ | Me myself | εμοι | | | mihi | mihi | Me myself | ܐܦܢ | Me myself | ἐμοὶ | Me myself | |||||
μηP45 · P66 · P75 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | — | — | μὴ | not | |||||
πιστευητεP45 · P66 · P75 | you shall believe, | πιστεύητε, | you shall believe, | — | | | uultis | vultis | you shall believe, | ܠܝ | you shall believe, | πιστεύητε | you shall believe, | |||||
τοισP45 · P66 · P75 | in the | τοῖς | in the | τοις | | | credere | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | in the | |||||
εργοισP45 · P66 · P75 | works | ἔργοις | works | εργοις | | | operibus | operibus | works | ܠܐ | works | ἔργοις | works | |||||
πιστευσατεP45 · P66 · P75 | do believe | πιστεύετε | do believe | — | | | credite | credite | do believe | ܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ | do believe | πιστεύσατε | do believe | |||||
ιναP45 · P66 · P75 | so that | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | so that | ܐܢܬܘܢ | so that | ἵνα | so that | |||||
γνωτεP45 · P66 · P75 | you may know | γνῶτε | you may know | γνωτε | | | si | cognoscatis | you may know | ܠܗܘܢ | you may know | γνῶτε | you may know | |||||
καιP45 · P66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | ܠܥܒܕܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
γεινωσκητεP45 · P66 · P75 | may understand | γινώσκητε | may understand | — | | | — | credatis | may understand | ܗܝܡܢܘ | may understand | πιστεύσητε | may understand | |||||
οτιP45 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | sciatis | quia | that | ܕܬܕܥܘܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
ενP45 · P66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | pater | Pater | in | — | — | ἐν | in | |||||
εμοιP45 · P66 · P75 | Me myself is | ἐμοὶ | Me myself is | εμοι | | | in | in | Me myself is | ܘܬܗܝܡܢܘܢ | Me myself is | ἐμοὶ | Me myself is | |||||
οP45 · P66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | me | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
πρP45 · P66 · P75 | Father | πατὴρ | Father | πατηρ | | | — | est | Father | ܕܐܒܝ | Father | πατήρ | Father | |||||
καγωP45 · P66 · P75 | and I myself | κἀγὼ | and I myself | καγω | | | quoniam | et | and I myself | ܒܝ | and I myself | κἀγὼ | and I myself | |||||
ενP45 · P66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | ego | ego | in | ܘܐܢܐ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
αυτωιP45 · P66 · P75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | in | — | — | — | — | αὐτῷ | the | |||||
πατρί.¶P45 · P66 · P75 | Father. | πατρί.¶ | Father. | πατρι | | | patre | Patre | Father. | ܒܐܒܝ | Father. | πατρί.¶ | Father. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||