The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | γρηγορεῖτε | do watch | γρηγορειτε | | | uigilate | vigilate | do watch | ܐܬܬܥܝܪܘ | do watch | Γρηγορεῖτε | do watch | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܨܠܘ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | προσεύχεσθε | do pray | — | | | orate | orate | do pray | — | — | προσεύχεσθε | do pray | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | so that | — | | | ne | ut | so that | ܕܠܐ | so that | ἵνα | so that | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | — | non | not | ܬܥܠܘܢ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | ἔλθητε | you may enter | — | | | intretis | intretis | you may enter | ܠܢܤܝܘܢܐ | you may enter | εἰσέλθητε | you may enter | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | — | — | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | πειρασμόν. | temptation. | πειρασμον | | | temptationem | tentationem | temptation. | ܪܘܚܐ | temptation. | πειρασμόν | temptation. | ||||||
| — | τὸ | The | το | | | infirma | — | — | — | — | Τὸ | The | ||||||
| — | μὲν | indeed | μεν | | | — | Spiritus | indeed | ܨܒܝܐ | indeed | μὲν | indeed | ||||||
| — | πνεῦμα | spirit | πνα | | | quidem | quidem | spirit | ܘܡܛܝܒܐ | spirit | πνεῦμα | spirit | ||||||
| — | πρόθυμον, | is willing, | προθυμον | | | promtus | promptus | is willing, | ܐܠܐ | is willing, | πρόθυμον | is willing, | ||||||
| — | ἡ | <the> | η | | | sps | — | — | — | — | ἡ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | however | δε | | | — | est | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | ||||||
| — | σὰρξ | the flesh | σαρξ | | | caro | caro | the flesh | ܦܓܪܐ | the flesh | σὰρξ | the flesh | ||||||
| — | ἀσθενής. | weak. | ασθενης | | | autem | vero | weak. | ܟܪܝܗ | weak. | ἀσθενής | weak. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||