The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Περὶ | Concerning | περι | | | de | De | Concerning | ܥܠ | Concerning | Περὶ | Concerning | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | die | die | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | et | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | ἡμέρας | day | ημερας | | | autem | autem | day | ܝܘܡܐ | day | ἡμέρας | day | ||||||
| — | ἐκείνης | that | εκεινης | | | illo | illo | that | ܗܘ | that | ἐκείνης | that | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὥρας | the | ||||||
| — | ὥρας | hour | ωρας | | | hora | hora | hour | ܫܥܬܐ | hour | οὐδεὶς | hour | ||||||
| — | οὐδεὶς | no one | ουδεις | | | nemo | nemo | no one | ܗܝ | no one | οἶδεν | no one | ||||||
| — | οἶδεν | knows | οιδεν | | | scit | scit | knows | ܐܢܫ | knows | οὐδὲ | knows | ||||||
| — | οὐδὲ | not even | ουδε | | | — | — | — | ܠܐ | not even | οἱ | not even | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἄγγελοι | the | ||||||
| — | ἄγγελοι | angels | αγγελοι | | | nequae | neque | angels | ܝܕܥ | angels | οἱ | angels | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | angeli | angeli | in | ܐܦܠܐ | in | οὐρανῷ | in | ||||||
| — | οὐρανῷ | heaven | ουρανω | | | in | in | heaven | ܡܠܐܟܐ | heaven | οὐδὲ | heaven | ||||||
| — | οὐδὲ | nor | ουδε | | | — | cælo | nor | ܕܫܡܝܐ | nor | ὁ | nor | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | υἱός | the | ||||||
| — | υἱὸς | Son | ϋιος | | | neque | neque | Son | ܘܠܐ | Son | εἰ | Son | ||||||
| — | εἰ | only | ει | | | filius | Filius | only | ܒܪܐ | only | μὴ | only | ||||||
| — | μὴ | except | μη | | | nisi | nisi | except | ܐܠܐ | except | ὁ | except | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | caelo | — | — | — | — | πατήρ | the | ||||||
| — | πατήρ. | Father. | πατηρ | | | pater | Pater | Father. | ܐܢ | Father. | πατήρ. | Father. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||