The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Βλέπετε, | do take heed, | — | | | uidete | Videte | do take heed, | ܚܙܘ | do take heed, | Βλέπετε | do take heed, | ||||||
| — | ἀγρυπνεῖτε | do watch | αγρυπνιτε | | | uigilate | vigilate | do watch | ܐܬܬܥܝܪܘ | do watch | ἀγρυπνεῖτε | do watch | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | ergo | et | and | ܘܨܠܘ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | προσεύχεσθε· | do pray; | — | | | — | orate | do pray; | ܠܐ | do pray; | προσεύχεσθε | do pray; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | — | — | — | ܓܝܪ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | οἴδατε | you know | οιδατε | | | nescitis | nescitis | you know | ܝܕܥܝܢ | you know | οἴδατε | you know | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | πότε | when | ποτε | | | quando | quando | when | ܐܡܬܝ | when | πότε | when | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | καιρός | time | καιρος | | | tempus | tempus | time | ܗܘ | time | καιρός | time | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν. | is. | — | | | sit | sit | is. | ܙܒܢܐ | is. | ἐστιν | is. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||