The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܗܝܕܝܢ | And | Τότε | And | ||||||
| — | τότε | then | τοτε | | | tunc | tunc | then | ܐܢ | then | ἐάν | then | ||||||
| — | ἐάν | if | — | | | si | si | if | ܐܢܫ | if | τις | if | ||||||
| — | τις | anyone | τις | | | quis | quis | anyone | ܢܐܡܪ | anyone | ὑμῖν | anyone | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܠܟܘܢ | to you | εἴπῃ | to you | ||||||
| — | εἴπῃ· | shall say; | ειπη | | | dixerit | dixerit | shall say; | ܕܗܐ | shall say; | Ἰδού | shall say; | ||||||
| — | ἴδε | behold | — | | | ecce | Ecce | behold | — | — | ὧδε | behold | ||||||
| — | ὧδε | here is | ωδε | | | hic | hic | here is | ܗܪܟܐ | here is | ὁ | here is | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | aut | — | — | — | — | χριστός | the | ||||||
| — | χριστός | Christ | — | | | — | est | Christ | ܗܘ | Christ | ἢ | Christ | ||||||
| — | ἢ, | or | η | | | xps | Christus | or | ܡܫܝܚܐ | or | Ἰδού | or | ||||||
| — | ἴδε | behold | ειδε | | | ecce | ecce | behold | ܘܗܐ | behold | ἐκεῖ | behold | ||||||
| — | ἐκεῖ, | there! | εκει | | | illic | illic | there! | ܗܪܬܡܢ | there! | μὴ | there! | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | nolite | ne | not | ܠܐ | not | πιστεύετε | not | ||||||
| — | πιστεύετε. | you do believe it. | πιστευετε | | | credere | credideritis | you do believe it. | ܬܗܝܡܢܘܢ | you do believe it. | πιστεύετε. | you do believe it. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||