The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οὐαὶ | Woe | ουαι | | | uae | Væ | Woe | ܘܝ | Woe | Οὐαὶ | Woe | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | — | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | ταῖς | to those | ταις | | | praegnantibus | — | — | — | — | ταῖς | to those | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | — | — | — | ܕܝܢ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | γαστρὶ | womb pregnancy | γαστρι | | | — | prægnantibus | womb pregnancy | ܠܒܛܢܬܐ | womb pregnancy | γαστρὶ | womb pregnancy | ||||||
| — | ἐχούσαις | having | εχουσαις | | | et | et | having | — | — | ἐχούσαις | having | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | nutrientibus | nutrientibus | and | ܘܠܐܝܠܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ταῖς | to the ones | ταις | | | — | — | — | — | — | ταῖς | to the ones | ||||||
| — | θηλαζούσαις | nursing infants | — | | | in | in | nursing infants | ܕܡܝܢܩܢ | nursing infants | θηλαζούσαις | nursing infants | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | ἐκείναις | those | εκειναις | | | illis | illis | those | ܒܗܢܘܢ | those | ἐκείναις | those | ||||||
| — | ταῖς | <the> | ταις | | | — | — | — | — | — | ταῖς | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἡμέραις. | days! | ημεραις | | | diebus | diebus | days! | ܝܘܡܬܐ | days! | ἡμέραις | days! | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||