The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP138 · P45 · P75 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ταῦταP138 · P45 · P75 | these things | ταῦτα | these things | — | | | confundebantur | cum | these things | ܗܠܝܢ | these things | ταῦτα | these things | |||||
λέγοντοςP138 · P45 · P75 | when is saying | λέγοντος | when is saying | — | | | — | hæc | when is saying | ܐܡܪ | when is saying | λέγοντος | when is saying | |||||
αὐτοῦP138 · P45 · P75 | He | αὐτοῦ | He | — | | | — | diceret | He | ܗܘܐ | He | αὐτοῦ | He | |||||
κατῃσχύνοντοP138 · P45 · P75 | were ashamed | κατῃσχύνοντο | were ashamed | — | | | — | erubescebant | were ashamed | ܒܗܬܝܢ | were ashamed | κατῃσχύνοντο | were ashamed | |||||
πάντεςP138 · P45 · P75 | all | πάντες | all | — | | | omnibus | omnes | all | ܗܘܘ | all | πάντες | all | |||||
οἱP138 · P45 · P75 | those | οἱ | those | οι | | | eo | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | |||||
ἀντικείμενοιP138 · P45 · P75 | opposed | ἀντικείμενοι | opposed | αντικειμενοι | | | aduersarii | adversarii | opposed | ܟܠܗܘܢ | opposed | ἀντικείμενοι | opposed | |||||
αὐτῷ,P138 · P45 · P75 | to Him, | αὐτῷ, | to Him, | αυτω | | | eius | ejus | to Him, | ܐܝܠܝܢ | to Him, | αὐτῷ | to Him, | |||||
καὶP138 · P45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܩܝܡܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
πᾶςP138 · P45 · P75 | all | πᾶς | all | πας | | | omnis | omnis | all | ܗܘܘ | all | πᾶς | all | |||||
ὁP138 · P45 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | uidebant | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
ὄχλοςP138 · P45 · P75 | crowd | ὄχλος | crowd | οχλος | | | populus | populus | crowd | ܠܩܘܒܠܗ | crowd | ὄχλος | crowd | |||||
ἔχαιρενP138 · P45 · P75 | was rejoicing | ἔχαιρεν | was rejoicing | εχαιρεν | | | gaudebat | gaudebat | was rejoicing | ܘܟܠܗ | was rejoicing | ἔχαιρεν | was rejoicing | |||||
ἐπὶP138 · P45 · P75 | at | ἐπὶ | at | — | | | in | in | at | ܥܡܐ | at | ἐπὶ | at | |||||
πᾶσινP138 · P45 · P75 | all | πᾶσιν | all | πασιν | | | — | universis | all | ܚܕܐ | all | πᾶσιν | all | |||||
τοῖςP138 · P45 · P75 | the | τοῖς | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | the | |||||
ἐνδόξοιςP138 · P45 · P75 | glorious things | ἐνδόξοις | glorious things | ενδοξοις | | | quibus | quæ | glorious things | ܗܘܐ | glorious things | ἐνδόξοις | glorious things | |||||
τοῖςP138 · P45 · P75 | which | τοῖς | which | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | which | |||||
γινομένοιςP138 · P45 · P75 | were being done | γινομένοις | were being done | — | | | mirabilibus | gloriose | were being done | ܒܟܠܗܝܢ | were being done | γινομένοις | were being done | |||||
ὑπ᾽P138 · P45 · P75 | by | ὑπ᾽ | by | ϋπ | | | fieri | fiebant | by | ܬܡܝܗܬܐ | by | ὑπ’ | by | |||||
αὐτοῦ.¶P138 · P45 · P75 | Him. | αὐτοῦ.¶ | Him. | αυτου | | | ab | ab | Him. | ܕܗܘܝܢ | Him. | αὐτοῦ | Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||