The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ταυτηνP138 · P45 · P75 | This | ταύτην | This | ταυτην | | | hanc | Hanc | This | ܗܕܐ | This | Ταύτην | This | |||||
δεP138 · P45 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δέ | now | |||||
θυγατεραP138 · P45 · P75 | a daughter | θυγατέρα | a daughter | θυγατερα | | | filiam | filiam | a daughter | ܕܒܪܬܗ | a daughter | θυγατέρα | a daughter | |||||
αβρααμP138 · P45 · P75 | of Abraham | Ἀβραὰμ | of Abraham | — | | | abrahae | Abrahæ | of Abraham | ܗܝ | of Abraham | Ἀβραὰμ | of Abraham | |||||
ουσανP138 · P45 · P75 | being | οὖσαν | being | — | | | quam | quam | being | ܕܐܒܪܗܡ | being | οὖσαν | being | |||||
ηνP138 · P45 · P75 | whom | ἣν | whom | — | | | a | alligavit | whom | — | — | ἣν | whom | |||||
εδησενP138 · P45 · P75 | has bound | ἔδησεν | has bound | — | | | satanas | Satanas | has bound | ܘܐܤܪܗ | has bound | ἔδησεν | has bound | |||||
οP138 · P45 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | cum | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
σατανασP138 · P45 · P75 | Satan | σατανᾶς | Satan | — | | | ecce | ecce | Satan | ܐܟܠܩܪܨܐ | Satan | Σατανᾶς | Satan | |||||
ιδουP138 · P45 · P75 | behold | ἰδοὺ | behold | — | | | — | decem | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | behold | |||||
δεκαP138 · P45 · P75 | ten | δέκα | ten | — | | | esset | et | ten | ܬܡܢܥܤܪܐ | ten | δέκα | ten | |||||
καιP138 · P45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | — | — | — | ܫܢܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οκτωP138 · P45 · P75 | eight | ὀκτὼ | eight | — | | | — | octo | eight | ܠܐ | eight | ὀκτὼ | eight | |||||
ετηP138 · P45 · P75 | years, | ἔτη, | years, | — | | | anni | annis | years, | ܘܠܐ | years, | ἔτη | years, | |||||
ουκP138 · P45 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | — | | | non | non | not | ܗܘܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
εδειP138 · P45 · P75 | she was being able | ἔδει | she was being able | — | | | oportebat | oportuit | she was being able | ܕܬܫܬܪܐ | she was being able | ἔδει | she was being able | |||||
λυθηναιP138 · P45 · P75 | to be loosed | λυθῆναι | to be loosed | — | | | solui | solvi | to be loosed | — | — | λυθῆναι | to be loosed | |||||
αποP138 · P45 · P75 | from | ἀπὸ | from | — | | | ligauit | a | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
τουP138 · P45 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
δεσμουP138 · P45 · P75 | bond | δεσμοῦ | bond | — | | | uinculo | vinculo | bond | ܗܢܐ | bond | δεσμοῦ | bond | |||||
τουτουP138 · P45 · P75 | this | τούτου | this | — | | | xviii | isto | this | ܐܤܘܪܝܐ | this | τούτου | this | |||||
τηP138 · P45 · P75 | on the | τῇ | on the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | on the | |||||
ημεραP138 · P45 · P75 | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | — | | | die | die | day | ܒܝܘܡܐ | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | |||||
τουP138 · P45 · P75 | of the | τοῦ | of the | του | | | hoc | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | |||||
σαββατουP138 · P45 · P75 | Sabbath? | σαββάτου;¶ | Sabbath? | σαββατου | | | sabbati | sabbati | Sabbath? | ܕܫܒܬܐ | Sabbath? | σαββάτου | Sabbath? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||