The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
απεκριθηP138 · P45 · P75 | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | απεκριθη | | | respondit | Respondens | Answered | ܝܫܘܥ | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | |||||
δεP138 · P45 · P75 | therefore | δὲ | therefore | δε | | | autem | autem | therefore | ܕܝܢ | but | οὖν | therefore | |||||
αυτωP138 · P45 · P75 | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | a | ad | to him | ܥܢܐ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | |||||
οP138 · P45 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | ei | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
κσP138 · P45 · P75 | Lord | κύριος | Lord | — | | | — | illum | Lord | ܘܐܡܪ | Lord | κύριος | Lord | |||||
καιP138 · P45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | dms | Dominus | and | ܠܗ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ειπενP138 · P45 · P75 | said; | εἶπεν· | said; | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | said; | ܢܤܒ | said; | εἶπεν | said; | |||||
υποκριταιP138 · P45 · P75 | Hypocrites! | ὑποκριταί, | Hypocrites! | ϋποκριτα | | | hypocrita | Hypocritæ | Hypocrites! | ܒܐܦܐ | Hypocrites! | Ὑποκριταί | Hypocrites! | |||||
εκαστοσP138 · P45 · P75 | Each one | ἕκαστος | Each one | εκαστος | | | unusquisque | unusquisque | Each one | ܚܕ | Each one | ἕκαστος | Each one | |||||
υμωνP138 · P45 · P75 | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | ϋμων | | | uestrum | vestrum | of you | ܚܕ | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | |||||
τωP138 · P45 · P75 | on the | τῷ | on the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | on the | |||||
σαββατωP138 · P45 · P75 | Sabbath | σαββάτῳ | Sabbath | σαββατω | | | sabbati | sabbato | Sabbath | ܡܢܟܘܢ | Sabbath | σαββάτῳ | Sabbath | |||||
ουP138 · P45 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | — | — | οὐ | not | |||||
λυειP138 · P45 · P75 | does he untie | λύει | does he untie | λυει | | | soluet | solvit | does he untie | ܒܫܒܬܐ | does he untie | λύει | does he untie | |||||
τονP138 · P45 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | die | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
βουνP138 · P45 · P75 | ox | βοῦν | ox | βουν | | | bouem | bovem | ox | ܠܐ | ox | βοῦν | ox | |||||
αυτουP138 · P45 · P75 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | suum | suum | of him | ܫܪܐ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
ηP138 · P45 · P75 | or | ἢ | or | — | | | aut | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | |||||
τονP138 · P45 · P75 | the | τὸν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
ονονP138 · P45 · P75 | donkey | ὄνον | donkey | — | | | asinum | asinum | donkey | ܐܘ | donkey | ὄνον | donkey | |||||
αποP138 · P45 · P75 | from | ἀπὸ | from | — | | | praesepio | a | from | ܚܡܪܗ | from | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
τησP138 · P45 · P75 | the | τῆς | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | |||||
φατνησP138 · P45 · P75 | stall, | φάτνης, | stall, | — | | | et | præsepio | stall, | ܡܢ | stall, | φάτνης | stall, | |||||
καιP138 · P45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܐܘܪܝܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
απαγαγωνP138 · P45 · P75 | having led it away | ἀπαγαγὼν | having led it away | απαγαγων | | | ducens | ducit | having led it away | ܘܐܙܠ | having led it away | ἀπαγαγὼν | having led it away | |||||
ποτιζειP138 · P45 · P75 | give it drink? | ποτίζει; | give it drink? | ποτειζει | | | adaquat | adaquare | give it drink? | ܡܫܩܐ | give it drink? | ποτίζει | give it drink? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||