The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλαP45 | But | ἀλλ᾽ | But | — | | | si | Si | But | ܘܕܢܐܡܪ | But | Ἀλλ’ | But | |||||
ειπωμενP45 | if | ἐὰν | if | εαν | | | dixerimus | dixerimus | if | ܡܢ | if | εἴπωμεν | if | |||||
εξP45 | shall we say; | εἴπωμεν· | shall we say; | ειπωμεν | | | ex | Ex | shall we say; | ܒܢܝ | shall we say; | Ἐξ | shall we say; | |||||
ανθρωπωνP45 | From | ἐξ | From | εξ | | | hominibus | hominibus | From | ܐܢܫܐ | From | ἀνθρώπων | From | |||||
εφοβουντοP45 | men’.., | ἀνθρώπων, | men’.., | ανθρωπων | | | timemus | timemus | men’.., | ܕܚܠܬܐ | men’.., | ἐφοβοῦντο | men’.., | |||||
τονP45 | they were afraid of | ἐφοβοῦντο | they were afraid of | — | | | plebem | populum | they were afraid of | ܗܝ | they were afraid of | τὸν | they were afraid of | |||||
οχλονP45 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | λαόν | the | |||||
απαντεσP45 | crowd; | ὄχλον· | crowd; | — | | | omnes | omnes | crowd; | ܥܡܐ | crowd; | ἅπαντες | crowd; | |||||
γαρP45 | all | ἅπαντες | all | — | | | sciebant | — | — | ܟܠܗܘܢ | all | γὰρ | all | |||||
ειχονP45 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | εἶχον | for | |||||
τονP45 | were holding | εἶχον | were holding | — | | | — | habebant | were holding | ܐܚܝܕܝܢ | were holding | τὸν | were holding | |||||
ιωαννηνP45 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | iohannen | — | — | — | — | Ἰωάννην | <the> | |||||
οντωσP45 | John | Ἰωάννην | John | ϊωαννην | | | — | Joannem | John | ܠܗ | John | ὅτι | John | |||||
οτιP45 | truly | ὄντως | truly | — | | | quia | quia | truly | ܠܝܘܚܢܢ | truly | ὄντως | truly | |||||
προφητησP45 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | uere | vere | that | ܕܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ | that | προφήτης | that | |||||
ηνP45 | a prophet | προφήτης | a prophet | προφητης | | | profeta | propheta | a prophet | ܢܒܝܐ | a prophet | ἦν | a prophet | |||||
ἦν.P45 | he was. | ἦν. | he was. | ην | | | erat | esset | he was. | ܗܘ | he was. | ἦν. | he was. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||