The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τουP4 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | qui | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
καιναμP4 · P75 | of Cainan | Καϊνὰμ | of Cainan | — | | | fuit | fuit | of Cainan | ܩܝܢܢ | of Cainan | Καϊνάν | of Cainan | |||||
τουP4 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | noe | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
αρφαξαδP4 · P75 | of Arphaxad | Ἀρφαξὰδ | of Arphaxad | αρφαξαδ | | | qui | qui | of Arphaxad | ܐܪܦܟܫܪ | of Arphaxad | Ἀρφαξάδ | of Arphaxad | |||||
τουP4 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | fuit | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
σημP4 · P75 | of Shem | Σὴμ | of Shem | σημ | | | arphaxad | Arphaxad | of Shem | ܫܝܡ | of Shem | Σήμ | of Shem | |||||
τουP4 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | qui | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
νωεP4 · P75 | of Noah | Νῶε | of Noah | νωε | | | fuit | fuit | of Noah | ܢܘܚ | of Noah | Νῶε | of Noah | |||||
τουP4 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | sem | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
λαμεχP4 · P75 | of Lamech | Λάμεχ | of Lamech | — | | | qui | qui | of Lamech | ܠܡܟ | of Lamech | Λάμεχ | of Lamech | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||