The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ουκP75 | Not | οὐκ | Not | — | | | mementote | non | Not | ܠܝܬܘܗܝ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | |||||
εστινP75 | He is | ἔστιν | He is | — | | | est | est | He is | ܬܢܢ | He is | ἔστιν | He is | |||||
ωδεP75 | here | ὧδε | here | — | | | — | hic | here | — | — | ὧδε | here | |||||
αλλαP75 | but | ἀλλ᾽ | but | — | | | — | sed | but | ܩܡ | but | ἀλλ’ | but | |||||
ηγερθηP75 | He is risen! | ἠγέρθη· | He is risen! | — | | | autem | surrexit | He is risen! | ܠܗ | He is risen! | ἠγέρθη | He is risen! | |||||
μνησθητεP75 | do remember | μνήσθητε | do remember | μνησθητε | | | — | recordamini | do remember | ܥܗܕܝܢ | do remember | μνήσθητε | do remember | |||||
ωσP75 | how | ὡς | how | — | | | quanta | qualiter | how | — | — | ὡς | how | |||||
ελαλησενP75 | He spoke | ἐλάλησεν | He spoke | ελαλησεν | | | locutus | locutus | He spoke | ܕܡܠܠ | He spoke | ἐλάλησεν | He spoke | |||||
υμινP75 | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | esset | est | to you | ܥܡܟܝܢ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | |||||
ετιP75 | yet | ἔτι | yet | ετι | | | uobis | vobis | yet | ܟܕ | yet | ἔτι | yet | |||||
ωνP75 | being | ὢν | being | ων | | | cum | cum | being | — | — | ὢν | being | |||||
ενP75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | adhuc | adhuc | in | ܗܘ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
τηP75 | <the> | τῇ | <the> | τη | | | in | in | <the> | — | — | τῇ | <the> | |||||
γαλιλαιαP75 | Galilee | Γαλιλαίᾳ | Galilee | γαλιλαια | | | galilaea | Galilæa | Galilee | ܒܓܠܝܠܐ | Galilee | Γαλιλαίᾳ | Galilee | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||