The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εμφοβωνP75 | Terrified | ἐμφόβων | Terrified | — | | | cum | Cum | Terrified | ܘܗܘܝ | Terrified | ἐμφόβων | Terrified | |||||
δεP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | timore | timerent | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
γενομενωνP75 | were becoming | γενομένων | were becoming | — | | | autem | autem | were becoming | — | — | γενομένων | were becoming | |||||
αυτωνP75 | they | αὐτῶν | they | — | | | factae | et | they | ܘܟܦܝ | they | αὐτῶν | they | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | inclinauerunt | declinarent | and | ܐܦܝܗܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
κλεινουσωνP75 | bowing | κλινουσῶν | bowing | — | | | uultos | vultum | bowing | ܒܐܪܥܐ | bowing | κλινουσῶν | bowing | |||||
ταP75 | their | τὰ | their | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | their | |||||
προσωπαP75 | faces | πρόσωπα | faces | προσωπα | | | in | in | faces | — | — | πρόσωπον | faces | |||||
εισP75 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | terra | terram | to | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | to | εἰς | to | |||||
τηνP75 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | suos | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
γηνP75 | ground | γῆν | ground | γην | | | in | — | — | ܠܗܝܢ | ground | γῆν | ground | |||||
ειπανP75 | they said | εἶπαν | they said | ειπαν | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | they said | ܡܢܐ | they said | εἶπον | they said | |||||
προσP75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | — | — | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτουσP75 | them; | αὐτάς· | them; | αυτας | | | illi | illas | them; | ܒܥܝܢ | them; | αὐτάς | them; | |||||
τιP75 | Why | τί | Why | τι | | | quid | Quid | Why | ܐܢܬܝܢ | Why | Τί | Why | |||||
ζητειτεP75 | seek you | ζητεῖτε | seek you | ζητειτε | | | ad | quæritis | seek you | ܚܝܐ | seek you | ζητεῖτε | seek you | |||||
τονP75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
ζωταP75 | living | ζῶντα | living | ζωντα | | | uiuum | viventem | living | — | — | ζῶντα | living | |||||
μεταP75 | among | μετὰ | among | μετα | | | eas | cum | among | ܥܡ | among | μετὰ | among | |||||
τωνP75 | the | τῶν | the | των | | | quaeritis | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
νεκρωνP75 | dead? | νεκρῶν; | dead? | νεκρων | | | mortuis | mortuis | dead? | ܡܝܬܐ | dead? | νεκρῶν | dead? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||