The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܘܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
εγενετοP75 | it came to pass | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | εγενετο | | | factum | factum | it came to pass | ܕܟܕ | it came to pass | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | |||||
ενP75 | while | ἐν | while | εν | | | est | est | while | ܗܢܝܢ | while | ἐν | while | |||||
τωP75 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | dum | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | |||||
απορεισθαιP75 | perplexing | ἀπορεῖσθαι | perplexing | απορεισθαι | | | aporiarentur | mente | perplexing | ܬܡܝܗܢ | perplexing | διαπορεῖσθαι | perplexing | |||||
αυτασP75 | they | αὐτὰς | they | αυτας | | | eo | consternatæ | they | ܥܠ | they | αὐτὰς | they | |||||
περιP75 | about | περὶ | about | περι | | | — | essent | about | ܗܕܐ | about | περὶ | about | |||||
τουτουP75 | this | τούτου | this | — | | | de | de | this | ܗܐ | this | τούτου | this | |||||
καιP75 | that | καὶ | that | — | | | adsisterunt | isto | that | — | — | καὶ | that | |||||
ιδουP75 | behold | ἰδοὺ | behold | ϊδου | | | ecce | ecce | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | behold | |||||
ανδρεσP75 | men | ἄνδρες | men | — | | | duo | duo | men | ܓܒܪܝܢ | men | ἄνδρες | men | |||||
δυοP75 | two | δύο | two | δυο | | | uiri | viri | two | ܩܡܘ | two | δύο | two | |||||
επεστησανP75 | stood by | ἐπέστησαν | stood by | επεστησαν | | | eis | steterunt | stood by | ܠܥܠ | stood by | ἐπέστησαν | stood by | |||||
αυταισP75 | them | αὐταῖς | them | αυταις | | | — | secus | them | ܡܢܗܝܢ | them | αὐταῖς | them | |||||
ενP75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | amictu | illas | in | ܘܡܒܪܩ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
εσθητιP75 | garment | ἐσθῆτι | garment | εσθητι | | | in | in | garment | ܗܘܐ | garment | ἐσθήσεσιν | garment | |||||
αστραπτουσηP75 | dazzling. | ἀστραπτούσῃ. | dazzling. | αστραπτουση | | | scoruscanti | veste | dazzling. | ܠܒܘܫܗܘܢ | dazzling. | ἀστραπτούσαις | dazzling. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||