The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγωνP75 | saying | λέγων | saying | — | | | quoniam | dicens | saying | ܘܐܡܪ | saying | λέγων | saying | |||||
τονP75 | The | τὸν | The | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὅτι | The | |||||
υιονP75 | Son | υἱὸν | Son | — | | | — | Quia | Son | ܗܘܐ | Son | δεῖ | Son | |||||
τουP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
ανουP75 | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | — | | | oportet | oportet | of Man | ܕܥܬܝܕ | of Man | υἱὸν | of Man | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | filium | Filium | that | ܗܘ | that | τοῦ | that | |||||
δειP75 | it behooves | δεῖ | it behooves | δει | | | hominis | hominis | it behooves | — | — | ἀνθρώπου | it behooves | |||||
παραδοθηναιP75 | to be delivered | παραδοθῆναι | to be delivered | παραδοθηναι | | | tradi | tradi | to be delivered | ܒܪܗ | to be delivered | παραδοθῆναι | to be delivered | |||||
εισP75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܕܐܢܫܐ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
χειρασP75 | hands | χεῖρας | hands | χειρας | | | manus | manus | hands | ܕܢܫܬܠܡ | hands | χεῖρας | hands | |||||
ανωνP75 | of men | ἀνθρώπων | of men | ανθρωπων | | | hominum | hominum | of men | ܒܐܝܕܝ | of men | ἀνθρώπων | of men | |||||
αμαρτωλωνP75 | sinful | ἁμαρτωλῶν | sinful | — | | | — | peccatorum | sinful | ܐܢܫܐ | sinful | ἁμαρτωλῶν | sinful | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܚܛܝܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
σωθηναιP75 | to be crucified | σταυρωθῆναι | to be crucified | σταυρωθηναι | | | crucifigi | crucifigi | to be crucified | — | — | σταυρωθῆναι | to be crucified | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܢܨܛܠܒ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
τηP75 | on the | τῇ | on the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | on the | |||||
τριτηP75 | third | τρίτῃ | third | τριτη | | | die | die | third | ܘܠܬܠܬܐ | third | τρίτῃ | third | |||||
ημεραP75 | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | ημερα | | | tertia | tertia | day | ܝܘܡܝܢ | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | |||||
αναστηναιP75 | to arise. | ἀναστῆναι. | to arise. | αναστηναι | | | resurgere | resurgere | to arise. | ܢܩܘܡ | to arise. | ἀναστῆναι | to arise. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||