The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP141 · P75 | And | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܩܡܘ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ανασταντεςP141 · P75 | having risen up | ἀναστάντες | having risen up | ανασταντες | | | surgentes | surgentes | having risen up | ܒܗ | having risen up | ἀναστάντες | having risen up | |||||
αυτηP141 · P75 | on that same | αὐτῇ | on that same | αυτη | | | ipsa | eadem | on that same | — | — | αὐτῇ | on that same | |||||
τηP141 · P75 | <the> | τῇ | <the> | τη | | | hora | hora | <the> | — | — | τῇ | <the> | |||||
ωραP141 · P75 | hour | ὥρᾳ | hour | ωρα | | | reuersi | regressi | hour | ܒܫܥܬܐ | hour | ὥρᾳ | hour | |||||
υπεστρεψανP141 · P75 | they returned | ὑπέστρεψαν | they returned | ϋπεστρεψαν | | | sunt | sunt | they returned | ܘܗܦܟܘ | they returned | ὑπέστρεψαν | they returned | |||||
ειςP141 · P75 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | in | in | to | — | — | εἰς | to | |||||
ιερουσαλημP141 · P75 | Jerusalem | Ἰερουσαλὴμ | Jerusalem | ϊερουσαλημ | | | congregatos | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | ܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ | Jerusalem | Ἱερουσαλήμ | Jerusalem | |||||
καιP141 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܐܫܟܚܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ευρονP141 · P75 | they found | εὗρον | they found | ευρον | | | inueneru&nt; | invenerunt | they found | — | — | εὗρον | they found | |||||
ςυνηθροισμενουςP141 · P75 | gathered | ἠθροισμένους | gathered | ηθροισμενους | | | contristati | congregatos | gathered | ܠܚܕܥܤܪ | gathered | συνηθροισμένους | gathered | |||||
τουςP141 · P75 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | xi | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
καιP141 · P75 | eleven | ἕνδεκα | eleven | — | | | et | et | eleven | ܕܟܢܝܫܝܢ | eleven | ἕνδεκα | eleven | |||||
τουςP141 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | eos | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
συνP141 · P75 | those | τοὺς | those | τους | | | qui | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | those | |||||
αυτοιςP141 · P75 | with | σὺν | with | συν | | | cum | cum | with | ܘܠܐܝܠܝܢ | with | σὺν | with | |||||
αὐτοῖςP141 · P75 | them | αὐτοῖς | them | αυτοις | | | illos | illis | them | ܕܥܡܗܘܢ | them | αὐτοῖς | them | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||