The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγονταςP141 · P75 | saying | λέγοντας | saying | — | | | dicentes | dicentes | saying | ܟܕ | saying | λέγοντας | saying | |||||
οτιP141 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | Quod | that | ܐܡܪܝܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
οντωςP141 · P75 | Indeed | ὄντως | Indeed | οντως | | | resurrexit | surrexit | Indeed | ܕܫܪܝܪܐܝܬ | Indeed | Ἠγέρθη | Indeed | |||||
ηγερθηP141 · P75 | has risen | ἠγέρθη | has risen | ηγερθη | | | dms | Dominus | has risen | — | — | ὁ | has risen | |||||
οP141 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | uisus | — | — | — | — | κύριος | the | |||||
κσP141 · P75 | Lord | κύριος | Lord | — | | | uere | vere | Lord | ܩܡ | Lord | ὄντως | Lord | |||||
καιP141 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܡܪܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ωφθηP141 · P75 | He has appeared | ὤφθη | He has appeared | ωφθη | | | est | apparuit | He has appeared | ܘܐܬܚܙܝ | He has appeared | ὤφθη | He has appeared | |||||
σιμωνιP141 · P75 | to Simon. | Σίμωνι. | to Simon. | σιμωνι | | | simoni | Simoni | to Simon. | ܠܫܡܥܘܢ | to Simon. | Σίμωνι | to Simon. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||