The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | Καὶ | And | — | | | autem | Et | and | ܘܗܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ιδουP75 | behold | ἰδοὺ | behold | — | | | eis | ecce | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | behold | |||||
δυοP75 | two | δύο | two | — | | | duo | duo | two | — | — | δύο | two | |||||
εξP75 | of | ἐξ | of | — | | | ex | ex | from/out of | ܡܢܗܘܢ | of | ἐξ | of | |||||
αυτωP75 | them | αὐτῶν | them | — | | | — | illis | to them | ܒܗ | them | αὐτῶν | them | |||||
ενP75 | on | ἐν | on | — | | | iter | ibant | ? | ܒܝܘܡܐ | on | ἦσαν | on | |||||
αυτηP75 | same | αὐτῇ | same | — | | | ipsa | ipsa | herself | — | — | πορευόμενοι | same | |||||
τηP75 | the | τῇ | the | — | | | habentis | die | on the day | — | — | ἐν | the | |||||
ημεραP75 | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | — | | | die | in | in | ܐܙܠܝܢ | day | αὐτῇ | day | |||||
ησανP75 | were | ἦσαν | were | ησαν | | | in | castellum | ? | ܗܘܘ | were | τῇ | were | |||||
πορευομενοιP75 | going | πορευόμενοι | going | πορευομενοι | | | castellum | quod | which/that | — | — | ἡμέρᾳ | going | |||||
εισP75 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | ab | erat | was | ܠܩܪܝܬܐ | to | εἰς | to | |||||
κωμηνP75 | a village | κώμην | a village | κωμην | | | erant | in | in | ܕܫܡܗ | a village | κώμην | a village | |||||
απεχουσανP75 | being distant | ἀπέχουσαν | being distant | απεχουσαν | | | in | spatio | ? | ܥܡܐܘܤ | being distant | ἀπέχουσαν | being distant | |||||
σταδιουσP75 | stadia | σταδίους | stadia | σταδιους | | | — | stadiorum | ? | — | — | σταδίους | stadia | |||||
αποP75 | sixty | ἑξήκοντα | sixty | εξηκοντα | | | stadios | sexaginta | ? | ܘܦܪܝܩܐ | sixty | ἑξήκοντα | sixty | |||||
ιλημP75 | from | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | sexaginta | ab | from/by | ܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
ηP75 | Jerusalem | Ἰερουσαλὴμ | Jerusalem | ϊερουσαλημημ | | | abeuntes | Jerusalem | ? | ܐܘܪܫܠܡ | Jerusalem | Ἱερουσαλήμ | Jerusalem | |||||
ονομαP75 | whose | ᾗ | whose | — | | | hierusalem | — | — | — | — | ᾗ | whose | |||||
εμμαουσP75 | name is | ὄνομα | name is | ονοματι | | | nomine | nomine | ? | ܐܤܛܕܘܬܐ | name is | ὄνομα | name is | |||||
Ἐμμαοῦς.P75 | Emmaus. | Ἐμμαοῦς. | Emmaus. | — | | | ulammaus | Emmaus | ? | ܫܬܝܢ | Emmaus. | Ἐμμαούς | Emmaus. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||