The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγωP75 | I say | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | Dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | |||||
γαρP75 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
υμινP75 | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | — | | | iam | quia | that | ܠܟܘܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
ουP75 | no longer | οὐκέτι | no longer | ουκετι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οὐκέτι | no longer | |||||
μηP75 | certainly | οὐ | certainly | — | | | ab | ex | certainly | ܓܝܪ | certainly | οὐ | certainly | |||||
φαγωP75 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | — | hoc | not | ܕܡܟܝܠ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
αυτοP75 | shall I eat | φάγω | shall I eat | — | | | non | non | shall I eat | — | — | φάγω | shall I eat | |||||
εωσP75 | from | ἐξ | from | — | | | manducabo | manducabo | from | ܠܐ | from | ἐξ | from | |||||
οτουP75 | it | αὐτὸ | it | αυτου | | | eo | illud | it | ܐܟܠܝܘܗܝ | it | αὐτοῦ | it | |||||
πληρωθηP75 | until | ἕως | until | εως | | | usquequo | donec | until | — | — | ἕως | until | |||||
ενP75 | when | ὅτου | when | οτου | | | — | — | — | ܥܕܡܐ | when | ὅτου | when | |||||
τηP75 | it may be fulfilled | πληρωθῇ | it may be fulfilled | — | | | nobum | impleatur | it may be fulfilled | ܕܢܫܠܡ | it may be fulfilled | πληρωθῇ | it may be fulfilled | |||||
βασιλειαP75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | — | — | ἐν | in | |||||
τουP75 | the | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | |||||
θυP75 | kingdom | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | regno | regno | kingdom | ܒܡܠܟܘܬܗ | kingdom | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | |||||
τοῦP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | edatur | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θεοῦ.P75 | of God. | θεοῦ. | of God. | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God. | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God. | θεοῦ | of God. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||