The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܡܪ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ειπενP75 | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | ait | He said | ܠܗܘܢ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | |||||
προσP75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | — | — | — | — | — | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτουσP75 | them; | αὐτούς· | them; | αυτους | | | ad | illis | them; | ܪܓܬܐ | them; | αὐτούς | them; | |||||
επιθυμιαP75 | With desire | ἐπιθυμίᾳ | With desire | επιθυμια | | | — | Desiderio | With desire | ܪܓܬܢܝ | With desire | Ἐπιθυμίᾳ | With desire | |||||
επεθυμησαP75 | I have desired | ἐπεθύμησα | I have desired | επεθυμησα | | | eos | desideravi | I have desired | — | — | ἐπεθύμησα | I have desired | |||||
τουτοP75 | this | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | concupiscentia | — | — | ܕܗܢܐ | this | τοῦτο | this | |||||
τοP75 | <the> | τὸ | <the> | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | |||||
πασχαP75 | Passover | πάσχα | Passover | πασχα | | | hoc | hoc | Passover | ܦܨܚܐ | Passover | Πάσχα | Passover | |||||
φαγεινP75 | to eat | φαγεῖν | to eat | φαγειν | | | pascha | pascha | to eat | — | — | φαγεῖν | to eat | |||||
μεθP75 | with | μεθ᾽ | with | μεθ | | | manducare | manducare | with | ܐܟܘܠ | with | μεθ’ | with | |||||
υμωνP75 | you | ὑμῶν | you | υμων | | | uobiscum | vobiscum | you | ܥܡܟܘܢ | you | ὑμῶν | you | |||||
προP75 | before | πρὸ | before | προ | | | concupiui | — | — | — | — | πρὸ | before | |||||
τουP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
μεP75 | I | με | I | με | | | priusquam | antequam | I | ܩܕܡ | I | με | I | |||||
παθεινP75 | to suffe; | παθεῖν· | to suffe; | παθειν | | | patiar | patiar | to suffe; | ܕܐܚܫ | to suffe; | παθεῖν | to suffe; | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||