The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
οτεP75 | when | ὅτε | when | οτε | | | cum | cum | when | ܗܘܐ | when | ὅτε | when | |||||
εγενετοP75 | was come | ἐγένετο | was come | εγενετο | | | fuit | facta | was come | ܥܕܢܐ | was come | ἐγένετο | was come | |||||
ηP75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
ωραP75 | hour, | ὥρα, | hour, | ωρα | | | — | esset | hour, | ܐܬܐ | hour, | ὥρα | hour, | |||||
ανεπεσενP75 | He reclined | ἀνέπεσεν | He reclined | ανεπεσεν | | | hora | hora | He reclined | — | — | ἀνέπεσεν | He reclined | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | recubuit | discubuit | and | ܝܫܘܥ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
οιP75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
αποστολοιP75 | twelve | δώδεκα | twelve | — | | | et | et | twelve | ܐܤܬܡܟ | twelve | δώδεκα | twelve | |||||
συνP75 | apostles | ἀπόστολοι | apostles | αποστολοι | | | illo | duodecim | apostles | ܘܬܪܥܤܪ | apostles | ἀπόστολοι | apostles | |||||
αυτωP75 | with | σὺν | with | συν | | | apostoli | apostoli | with | ܫܠܝܚܐ | with | σὺν | with | |||||
αὐτῷ.P75 | Him. | αὐτῷ. | Him. | αυτω | | | cum | cum | Him. | ܥܡܗ | Him. | αὐτῷ | Him. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||