The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | λέγει | He says | λεγει | | | dicit | Dicit | He says | ܐܡܪ | He says | Λέγει | He says | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | dms | ei | to him | ܠܗ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | again | — | | | iterum | iterum | again | ܬܘܒ | again | πάλιν | again | ||||||
| — | δεύτερον· | a second time; | δευτερον | | | simon | Simon | a second time; | ܕܬܪܬܝܢ | a second time; | δεύτερον | a second time; | ||||||
| — | Σίμων | Simon | σιμων | | | iohanis | Joannis | Simon | ܙܒܢܝܢ | Simon | Σίμων | Simon | ||||||
| — | Ἰωάννου, | son of John, | — | | | amas | diligis | son of John, | ܫܡܥܘܢ | son of John, | Ἰωνᾶ | son of John, | ||||||
| — | ἀγαπᾷς | love you | αγαπας | | | me | me | love you | ܒܪ | love you | ἀγαπᾷς | love you | ||||||
| — | με; | Me? | με | | | illi | Ait | Me? | ܝܘܢܐ | Me? | με | Me? | ||||||
| — | λέγει | He says | λεγει | | | illi | illi | He says | ܪܚܡ | He says | Λέγει | He says | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to Him; | αυτω | | | etiam | Etiam | to Him; | ܐܢܬ | to Him; | αὐτῷ | to Him; | ||||||
| — | ναὶ | Yes | ναι | | | — | — | — | ܠܝ | Yes | Ναὶ | Yes | ||||||
| — | κύριε, | Lord, | — | | | dme | Domine | Lord, | ܐܡܪ | Lord, | κύριε | Lord, | ||||||
| — | σὺ | You yourself | συ | | | tu | tu | You yourself | ܠܗ | You yourself | σὺ | You yourself | ||||||
| — | οἶδας | know | οιδας | | | scis | scis | know | ܐܝܢ | know | οἶδας | know | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quia | quia | that | ܡܪܝ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | φιλῶ | I dearly love | φιλω | | | amo | amo | I dearly love | ܐܢܬ | I dearly love | φιλῶ | I dearly love | ||||||
| — | σε. | You. | σε | | | te | te | You. | ܝܕܥ | You. | σε | You. | ||||||
| — | λέγει | He says | λεγει | | | dicit | Dicit | He says | ܐܢܬ | He says | Λέγει | He says | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to him; | αυτω | | | dicit | ei | to him; | ܕܪܚܡ | to him; | αὐτῷ | to him; | ||||||
| — | ποίμαινε | do shepherd | — | | | pasce | Pasce | do shepherd | ܐܢܐ | do shepherd | Ποίμαινε | do shepherd | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the | — | | | illi | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | ||||||
| — | πρόβατά | sheep | — | | | oues | agnos | sheep | ܐܡܪ | sheep | πρόβατά | sheep | ||||||
| — | μου. | of Mine. | μου | | | meas | meos | of Mine. | ܠܗ | of Mine. | μου | of Mine. | ||||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||