The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ενP45 · P75 | If | εἰ | If | ει | | | autem | Porro | If | ܐܢ | If | Εἰ | If | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | si | si | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
ενP45 · P75 | by | ἐν | by | — | | | in | in | by | ܒܨܒܥܐ | by | ἐν | by | |||||
δακτυλωιP45 · P75 | the finger | δακτύλῳ | the finger | — | | | digito | digito | the finger | — | — | δακτύλῳ | the finger | |||||
θυP45 · P75 | of God | θεοῦ | of God | — | | | dei | Dei | of God | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God | θεοῦ | of God | |||||
εκβαλλωP45 · P75 | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | — | ejicio | I myself | ܡܦܩ | I myself | ἐκβάλλω | I myself | |||||
ταP45 · P75 | cast out | ἐκβάλλω | cast out | — | | | ego | — | — | ܐܢܐ | cast out | τὰ | cast out | |||||
δαιμονιαP45 · P75 | the | τὰ | the | — | | | eicio | — | — | — | — | δαιμόνια | the | |||||
αραP45 · P75 | demons, | δαιμόνια, | demons, | — | | | — | dæmonia | demons, | ܕܝܘܐ | demons, | ἄρα | demons, | |||||
εφθασενP45 · P75 | then | ἄρα | then | — | | | daemonia | profecto | then | ܩܪܒܬ | then | ἔφθασεν | then | |||||
εφP45 · P75 | has come | ἔφθασεν | has come | — | | | forsitam | pervenit | has come | ܠܗ | has come | ἐφ’ | has come | |||||
υμασP45 · P75 | upon | ἐφ᾽ | upon | — | | | in | in | upon | — | — | ὑμᾶς | upon | |||||
ηP45 · P75 | you | ὑμᾶς | you | — | | | uos | vos | you | ܥܠܝܟܘܢ | you | ἡ | you | |||||
βασιλειαP45 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | βασιλεία | the | |||||
τουP45 · P75 | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | — | | | regnum | regnum | kingdom | ܡܠܟܘܬܗ | kingdom | τοῦ | kingdom | |||||
θυP45 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | adpropinquauit | — | — | — | — | θεοῦ | <the> | |||||
θεοῦ.P45 · P75 | of God. | θεοῦ. | of God. | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God. | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God. | θεοῦ. | of God. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||