The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܒܨܦܪܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | παραπορευόμενοι | passing by | παραπορευομενοι | | | cum | cum | passing by | ܟܕ | passing by | πρωῒ | passing by | ||||||
| — | πρωῒ | in the morning | πρωι | | | mane | mane | in the morning | ܥܒܪܝܢ | in the morning | παραπορευόμενοι | in the morning | ||||||
| — | εἶδον | they saw | ιδον | | | transirent | transirent | they saw | ܚܙܘ | they saw | εἶδον | they saw | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | uiderunt | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | συκῆν | fig tree | συκην | | | ficum | ficum | fig tree | ܗܝ | fig tree | συκῆν | fig tree | ||||||
| — | ἐξηραμμένην | dried up | εξηραμμενην | | | aridam | aridam | dried up | ܟܕ | dried up | ἐξηραμμένην | dried up | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | from the | εκ | | | factam | factam | from the | ܝܒܝܫܐ | from the | ἐκ | from the | ||||||
| — | ῥιζῶν. | roots. | ριζων | | | a | a | roots. | ܡܢ | roots. | ῥιζῶν | roots. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||