The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εανP66 · P75 | If | Ἐὰν | If | εαν | | | si | Si | If | ܐܢ | If | Ἐὰν | If | |||||
εγωP66 · P75 | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | ego | I myself | ܐܢܐ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | |||||
μαρτυρωP66 · P75 | shall bear witness | μαρτυρῶ | shall bear witness | μαρτυρω | | | testimonium | testimonium | shall bear witness | ܡܤܗܕ | shall bear witness | μαρτυρῶ | shall bear witness | |||||
περιP66 · P75 | concerning | περὶ | concerning | περι | | | dico | perhibeo | concerning | ܐܢܐ | concerning | περὶ | concerning | |||||
εμαυτουP66 · P75 | Myself, | ἐμαυτοῦ, | Myself, | εμαυτου | | | de | de | Myself, | ܥܠ | Myself, | ἐμαυτοῦ | Myself, | |||||
ηP66 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | me | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
μαρτυριαP66 · P75 | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | μαρτυρια | | | testimonium | testimonium | testimony | ܢܦܫܝ | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | |||||
μουP66 · P75 | of Mine | μου | of Mine | μου | | | meum | meum | of Mine | ܤܗܕܘܬܝ | of Mine | μου | of Mine | |||||
ουκP66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
εστιP66 · P75 | is | ἔστιν | is | εστιν | | | est | est | is | ܗܘܬ | is | ἔστιν | is | |||||
αληθησP66 · P75 | true; | ἀληθής· | true; | αληθης | | | uerum | verum | true; | ܫܪܝܪܐ | true; | ἀληθής | true; | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||