The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγειP59 · P66 · P75 | Says | λέγει | Says | λεγει | | | dicit | Dicit | Says | ܐܡܪ | Says | Λέγει | Says | |||||
αυτηP59 · P66 · P75 | to her | αὐτῇ | to her | αυτη | | | illi | ei | to her | ܠܗ | to her | αὐτῇ | to her | |||||
ισP59 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ουκP59 · P66 · P75 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus; | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus; | |||||
ειπονP59 · P66 · P75 | Surely | οὐκ | Surely | ουκ | | | non | Nonne | Surely | ܠܐ | Surely | Οὐκ | Surely | |||||
σοιP59 · P66 · P75 | I said | εἶπόν | I said | ειπον | | | dixi | dixi | I said | ܐܡܪܬ | I said | εἶπόν | I said | |||||
εανP59 · P66 · P75 | to you | σοι | to you | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | to you | — | — | σοι | to you | |||||
πιστευσησP59 · P66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | quoniam | that | ܠܟܝ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
οψηP59 · P66 · P75 | if | ἐὰν | if | εαν | | | si | si | if | ܕܐܢ | if | ἐὰν | if | |||||
τηνP59 · P66 · P75 | you shall believe | πιστεύσῃς | you shall believe | πιστευσης | | | credideris | credideris | you shall believe | ܬܗܝܡܢܝܢ | you shall believe | πιστεύσῃς | you shall believe | |||||
δοξανP59 · P66 · P75 | you will see | ὄψῃ | you will see | οψη | | | uidebis | videbis | you will see | ܬܚܙܝܢ | you will see | ὄψει | you will see | |||||
τουP59 · P66 · P75 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
θυP59 · P66 · P75 | glory | δόξαν | glory | δοξαν | | | gloriam | gloriam | glory | ܫܘܒܚܗ | glory | δόξαν | glory | |||||
τοῦP59 · P66 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θεοῦ;P59 · P66 · P75 | of God? | θεοῦ; | of God? | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God? | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God? | θεοῦ | of God? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||