The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εδακρυσενP45 · P66 · P75 | Wept | ἐδάκρυσεν | Wept | εδακρυσεν | | | et | Et | Wept | ܘܐܬܝܢ | Wept | Ἐδάκρυσεν | Wept | |||||
οP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | lacrimatus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ιηP45 · P66 · P75 | Jesus. | Ἰησοῦς. | Jesus. | — | | | est | est | Jesus. | ܕܡܥܘܗܝ | Jesus. | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||