The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπενP45 · P66 · P75 | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | ειπεν | | | dicit | Dixit | Said | ܐܡܪ | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | |||||
αυτηιP45 · P66 · P75 | to her | αὐτῇ | to her | αυτη | | | — | ei | to her | ܠܗ | to her | αὐτῇ | to her | |||||
οP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | illi | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ιηP45 · P66 · P75 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus; | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus; | |||||
εγωP45 · P66 · P75 | I myself | ἐγώ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | Ego | I myself | ܐܢܐ | I myself | Ἐγώ | I myself | |||||
ειμιP45 · P66 · P75 | am | εἰμι | am | ειμι | | | sum | sum | am | ܐܢܐ | am | εἰμι | am | |||||
ηP45 · P66 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | credit | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
αναστασισP45 · P66 · P75 | resurrection | ἀνάστασις | resurrection | αναστασις | | | resurrectio | resurrectio | resurrection | ܢܘܚܡܐ | resurrection | ἀνάστασις | resurrection | |||||
οP45 · P66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
πιστευωνP45 · P66 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
εισP45 · P66 · P75 | life; | ζωή· | life; | ζωη | | | uita | vita | life; | ܘܚܝܐ | life; | ζωή | life; | |||||
εμεP45 · P66 · P75 | the one | ὁ | the one | ο | | | etsi | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the one | |||||
κανP45 · P66 · P75 | believing | πιστεύων | believing | πιστευων | | | qui | qui credit | who believes | ܡܢ | believing | πιστεύων | believing | |||||
αποθανηP45 · P66 · P75 | in | εἰς | in | εις | | | in | in | in | ܕܡܗܝܡܢ | in | εἰς | in | |||||
ζησειP45 · P66 · P75 | Me myself | ἐμὲ | Me myself | εμε | | | me | me | me | ܒܝ | Me myself | ἐμέ | Me myself | |||||
κἂνP45 · P66 · P75 | even if | κἂν | even if | καν | | | fuerit | etiam si | even if | ܐܦܢ | even if | κἂν | even if | |||||
ἀποθάνῃP45 · P66 · P75 | he shall die | ἀποθάνῃ | he shall die | αποθανη | | | mortuus | mortuus fuerit | should die | ܢܡܘܬ | he shall die | ἀποθάνῃ | he shall die | |||||
ζήσεται,P45 · P66 · P75 | he will live, | ζήσεται, | he will live, | ζησεται | | | uiuet | vivet | will live | ܢܚܐ | he will live, | ζήσεται | he will live, | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||