The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εβαστασανP45 · P66 · P75 | Took up | Ἐβάστασαν | Took up | εβαστασαν | | | baiulauerunt | Sustulerunt | Took up | ܘܫܩܠܘ | Took up | Ἐβάστασαν | Took up | |||||
λιθουσP45 · P66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | — | — | οὖν | therefore | |||||
οιP45 · P66 · P75 | again | πάλιν | again | — | | | lapides | lapides | again | ܬܘܒ | again | πάλιν | again | |||||
ιουδαιοιP45 · P66 · P75 | stones | λίθους | stones | λιθους | | | — | — | — | — | — | λίθους | stones | |||||
ιναP45 · P66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
λιθασωσινP45 · P66 · P75 | Jews, | Ἰουδαῖοι, | Jews, | ϊουδαιοι | | | iudaei | Judæi | Jews, | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | Jews, | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews, | |||||
αυτονP45 · P66 · P75 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܟܐܦܐ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
λιθάσωσινP45 · P66 · P75 | they may stone | λιθάσωσιν | they may stone | λιθασωσιν | | | lapidarent | lapidarent | they may stone | — | — | λιθάσωσιν | they may stone | |||||
αὐτόν.P45 · P66 · P75 | Him. | αὐτόν. | Him. | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him. | ܠܡܪܓܡܗ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||