The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἢ | Or | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | Καὶ | Or | |||||||
| — | καὶ | also | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | aut | ? | ܢܘܢܐ | also | ἐὰν | also | |||||||
| — | ἐὰν | if | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | si | if | — | — | ἰχθὺν | if | |||||||
| — | ἰχθὺν | a fish | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | piscem | ? | ܢܫܐܠܝܘܗܝ | a fish | αἰτήσῃ | a fish | |||||||
| — | αἰτήσει, | he will ask for, | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | petierit | ? | ܠܡܐ | he will ask for, | μὴ | he will ask for, | |||||||
| — | μὴ | surely not | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | numquid | ? | ܚܘܝܐ | surely not | ὄφιν | surely not | |||||||
| — | ὄφιν | a serpent | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | serpentem | ? | — | — | ἐπιδώσει | a serpent | |||||||
| — | ἐπιδώσει | will he give | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | porriget | ? | ܡܘܫܛ | will he give | αὐτῷ | will he give | |||||||
| — | αὐτῷ; | to him? | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | ei | to him | ܠܗ | to him? | αὐτῷ; | to him? | |||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 10:13 | Resumes at 9:2 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||