The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP4 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | et | And | ܘܐܙܠ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
επορευοντοP4 | were going | ἐπορεύοντο | were going | επορευοντο | | | ibant | ibant | were going | — | — | ἐπορεύοντο | were going | |||||
παντεσP4 | all | πάντες | all | παντες | | | omnes | omnes | all | ܗܘܐ | all | πάντες | all | |||||
απογραφεσθαιP4 | to be registered, | ἀπογράφεσθαι, | to be registered, | απογραφεσθαι | | | unusquisque | ut | to be registered, | — | — | ἀπογράφεσθαι | to be registered, | |||||
εκαστοσP4 | each | ἕκαστος | each | εκαστος | | | profiteri | profiterentur | each | ܟܠܢܫ | each | ἕκαστος | each | |||||
εισP4 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | — | singuli | to | ܕܢܬܟܬܒ | to | εἰς | to | |||||
τηνP4 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | in | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
εαυτουP4 | their own | ἑαυτοῦ | their own | εαυτου | | | suam | suam | their own | — | — | ἰδίαν | their own | |||||
πολινP4 | city. | πόλιν. | city. | — | | | patriam | civitatem | city. | ܒܡܕܝܢܬܗ | city. | πόλιν | city. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||