The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
απεκριθησανP66 · P75 | Answered | ἀπεκρίθησαν | Answered | απεκριθησαν | | | responderunt | Responderunt | Answered | ܐܡܪܝܢ | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθησαν | Answered | |||||
ουνP66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | — | | | illis | ergo | therefore | ܠܗܘܢ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
αυτοισP66 · P75 | them | αὐτοῖς | them | αυτοις | | | — | eis | them | ܦܪܝܫܐ | them | αὐτοῖς | them | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | pharisaei | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
φαρισαιοιP66 · P75 | Pharisees; | Φαρισαῖοι· | Pharisees; | φαρισαιοι | | | numquid | Numquid | Pharisees; | — | — | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees; | |||||
μηP66 · P75 | Surely not | μὴ | Surely not | μη | | | et | et | Surely not | ܠܡܐ | Surely not | Μὴ | Surely not | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | — | | | uos | vos | also | ܐܦ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
υμεισP66 · P75 | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ϋμεις | | | seducti | seducti | you yourselves | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | |||||
πεπλανησθαιP66 · P75 | have been deceived? | πεπλάνησθε; | have been deceived? | — | | | estis | estis | have been deceived? | ܛܥܝܬܘܢ | have been deceived? | πεπλάνησθε | have been deceived? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||