The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ηλθανP66 · P75 | Came | Ἦλθον | Came | ηλθον | | | uenerunt | Venerunt | Came | ܘܐܬܘ | Came | Ἦλθον | Came | |||||
ουνP66 · P75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܕܚܫܐ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | principes | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
υπηρεταιP66 · P75 | officers | ὑπηρέται | officers | υπηρεται | | | ministri | ministri | officers | — | — | ὑπηρέται | officers | |||||
προσP66 · P75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | ܗܢܘܢ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
τουσP66 · P75 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
αρχιερεισP66 · P75 | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | sacerdotum | pontifices | chief priests | ܠܘܬ | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܪܒܝ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
φαρισαιουσP66 · P75 | Pharisees, | Φαρισαίους, | Pharisees, | φαρισαιους | | | — | pharisæos | Pharisees, | ܟܗܢܐ | Pharisees, | Φαρισαίους | Pharisees, | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | farisaeos | — | — | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
λεγουσινP66 · P75 | said | εἶπον | said | ειπον | | | et | Et | said | ܘܦܪܝܫܐ | said | εἶπον | said | |||||
αυτοισP66 · P75 | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | to them | ܘܐܡܪܘ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | |||||
εκινοιP66 · P75 | that; | ἐκεῖνοι· | that; | εκεινοι | | | eis | eis | that; | ܠܗܘܢ | that; | ἐκεῖνοι | that; | |||||
διαP66 · P75 | Because of | διὰ | Because of | — | | | illi | illi | Because of | ܟܗܢܐ | Because of | Διὰ | Because of | |||||
τιP66 · P75 | why | τί | why | — | | | quare | Quare | why | — | — | τί | why | |||||
ουκP66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܠܡܢܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
ηγαγεταιP66 · P75 | did you bring | ἠγάγετε | did you bring | — | | | adduxistis | adduxistis | did you bring | ܠܐ | did you bring | ἠγάγετε | did you bring | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | Him? | αὐτόν; | Him? | αυτον | | | illum | illum | Him? | ܐܝܬܝܬܘܢܝܗܝ | Him? | αὐτόν | Him? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||