The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλαP66 · P75 | But | ἀλλὰ | But | αλλα | | | sed | Sed | But | ܐܠܐ | but | Ἀλλὰ | But | |||||
τουτονP66 · P75 | this man | τοῦτον | this man | τουτον | | | hunc | hunc | this man | ܠܗܢܐ | this man | τοῦτον | this man | |||||
οιδαμενP66 · P75 | we know | οἴδαμεν | we know | οιδαμεν | | | nobimus | scimus | we know | ܝܕܥܝܢ | we know | οἴδαμεν | we know | |||||
ποθενP66 · P75 | from where | πόθεν | from where | ποθεν | | | unde | unde | from where | ܚܢܢ | from where | πόθεν | from where | |||||
εστινP66 · P75 | He is; | ἐστίν· | He is; | εστιν | | | sit | sit | He is; | ܡܢ | He is; | ἐστίν | He is; | |||||
οP66 · P75 | The | ὁ | The | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | The | |||||
χσP66 · P75 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | xps | Christus | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
δεP66 · P75 | Christ | χριστὸς | Christ | — | | | autem | autem | Christ | ܡܫܝܚܐ | Christ | χριστὸς | Christ | |||||
οτανP66 · P75 | whenever | ὅταν | whenever | οταν | | | cum | cum | whenever | ܕܝܢ | whenever | ὅταν | whenever | |||||
ελθηP66 · P75 | He may come, | ἔρχηται, | He may come, | ερχηται | | | uenerit | venerit | He may come, | ܐܡܬܝ | He may come, | ἔρχηται | He may come, | |||||
ουδεισP66 · P75 | no one | οὐδεὶς | no one | ουδεις | | | nemo | nemo | no one | ܕܐܬܐ | no one | οὐδεὶς | no one | |||||
γινωσκειP66 · P75 | knows | γινώσκει | knows | γεινωσκει | | | scit | scit | knows | ܠܐ | knows | γινώσκει | knows | |||||
ποθενP66 · P75 | from where | πόθεν | from where | ποθεν | | | unde | unde | from where | ܐܢܫ | from where | πόθεν | from where | |||||
εστιP66 · P75 | He is. | ἐστίν.¶ | He is. | εστιν | | | sit | sit | He is. | ܝܕܥ | He is. | ἐστίν | He is. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||