The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
δεδωκεισανP45 · P66 · P75 | Had given | δεδώκεισαν | Had given | δεδωκεισαν | | | dederant | Dederant | had given | ܪܒܝ | Had given | Δεδώκεισαν | Had given | |||||
δεP45 · P66 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
οιP45 · P66 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | et | — | — | ܕܝܢ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
αρχιερεισP45 · P66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | principes | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
καιP45 · P66 · P75 | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | — | pontifices | chief priests | — | — | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | |||||
οιP45 · P66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܦܪܝܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
πρεσβυτεροιP45 · P66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | farisaei | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
ΦαρισαῖοιP45 · P66 · P75 | Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | φαρισαιοι | | | mandatum | pharisæi | Pharisees | ܦܩܕܘ | Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | |||||
ἐντολὰςP45 · P66 · P75 | commands | ἐντολὰς | commands | — | | | ut | mandatum | command | ܗܘܘ | commands | ἐντολήν | commands | |||||
ἵναP45 · P66 · P75 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | si | ut | that | ܕܐܢ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
ἐάνP45 · P66 · P75 | if | ἐάν | if | — | | | quis | si | if | — | — | ἐάν | if | |||||
τιςP45 · P66 · P75 | anyone | τις | anyone | τις | | | nosset | quis | anyone | ܐܢܫ | anyone | τις | anyone | |||||
γνῷP45 · P66 · P75 | shall know | γνῷ | shall know | — | | | ubi | cognoverit | shall know | ܢܕܥ | shall know | γνῷ | shall know | |||||
ποῦP45 · P66 · P75 | where | ποῦ | where | που | | | — | ubi | where | ܐܝܟܘ | where | ποῦ | where | |||||
ἐστινP45 · P66 · P75 | He is | ἐστιν | He is | εστιν | | | est | sit | he is | ܢܒܕܩ | He is | ἐστιν | He is | |||||
μηνύσῃ,P45 · P66 · P75 | he shall show it, | μηνύσῃ, | he shall show it, | μηνυση | | | nuntiaret | indicet | he shall show | — | — | μηνύσῃ | he shall show it, | |||||
ὅπωςP45 · P66 · P75 | so that | ὅπως | so that | — | | | ut | ut | so that | ܠܗܘܢ | so that | ὅπως | so that | |||||
πιάσωσινP45 · P66 · P75 | they may seize | πιάσωσιν | they may seize | πιασωσιν | | | adpraehenderent | apprehendant | they may seize | ܐܝܟ | they may seize | πιάσωσιν | they may seize | |||||
αὐτόν.¶P45 · P66 · P75 | Him. | αὐτόν.¶ | Him. | αυτον | | | eum | eum | him | ܕܢܐܚܕܘܢܝܗܝ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | |||||
| Next Fragment: John 12:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||