The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܡܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐκβληθέντος | when had been cast out | εκβληθεντος | | | eiecto | ejecto | when had been cast out | ܕܢܦܩ | when had been cast out | ἐκβληθέντος | when had been cast out | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | daemonio | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | δαιμονίου | demon | δαιμονιου | | | — | dæmonio | demon | ܕܝܘܐ | demon | δαιμονίου | demon | ||||||
| — | ἐλάλησεν | spoke | ελαλησεν | | | locutus | locutus est | spoke | ܡܠܠ | spoke | ἐλάλησεν | spoke | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | surdus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | κωφός. | mute man. | κωφος | | | est | mutus | mute man | ܗܘ | mute man. | κωφός | mute man. | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | — | et | and | ܚܪܫܐ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐθαύμασαν | marveled | εθαυμασαν | | | et | miratæ sunt | marveled | ܘܐܬܕܡܪܘ | marveled | ἐθαύμασαν | marveled | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | paruit | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλοι | crowds | οχλοι | | | miratae | turbæ | crowds | — | — | ὄχλοι | crowds | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες | saying | λεγοντες | | | sunt | dicentes | saying | ܟܢܫܐ | saying | λέγοντες | saying | ||||||
| — | ὅτι· | that: | — | | | turbae | — | — | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | that: | Οὐδέποτε | that: | ||||||
| — | οὐδέποτε | Never | ουδεποτε | | | dicentes | Numquam | never | ܠܐ | Never | ἐφάνη | Never | ||||||
| — | ἐφάνη | was it seen | — | | | numquam | apparuit | appeared | ܡܬܘܡ | was it seen | οὕτως | was it seen | ||||||
| — | οὕτως | thus | ουτως | | | — | sic | thus | ܐܬܚܙܝ | thus | ἐν | thus | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | sic | in | in | ܗܟܢܐ | in | τῷ | in | ||||||
| — | τῷ | <the> | — | | | istrahel | — | — | — | — | Ἰσραήλ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰσραήλ. | Israel. | ϊσραηλ | | | in | Israël | Israel | ܒܐܝܤܪܐܝܠ | Israel. | Ἰσραήλ. | Israel. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 10:13 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||