The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | ad | Et | And | ܘܐܬܘ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἦλθον | they came | — | | | illi | venerunt | they came | ܠܟܦܪܢܚܘܡ | they came | ἦλθεν | they came | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | εις | | | — | Capharnaum. | to | — | — | εἰς | to | ||||||
| — | Καφαρναούμ· | Capernaum; | καφαρναουμ | | | tacebant | Qui | Capernaum; | ܘܟܕ | Capernaum; | Καπερναούμ | Capernaum; | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | — | cum | And | ܥܠܘ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | — | domi | in | ܠܒܝܬܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | essent | the | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | οἰκίᾳ | house | οικεια | | | enim | interrogabat | house | ܡܫܐܠ | house | οἰκίᾳ | house | ||||||
| — | γενόμενος | having been | γενομενος | | | — | eos | having been | — | — | γενόμενος | having been | ||||||
| — | ἐπηρώτα | He was asking | επηρωτα | | | inter | Quid | He was asking | ܗܘܐ | He was asking | ἐπηρώτα | He was asking | ||||||
| — | αὐτούς· | them; | αυτους | | | se | in | them; | ܠܗܘܢ | them; | αὐτούς | them; | ||||||
| — | τί | What | τι | | | disquirebant | via | What | ܕܡܢܐ | What | Τί | What | ||||||
| — | ἐν | on | εν | | | quis | tractabatis | on | ܡܬܚܫܒܝܢ | on | ἐν | on | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | ὁδῷ | way | οδω | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁδῷ | way | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | to | — | | | illorum | — | — | ܗܘܝܬܘܢ | to | πρὸς | to | ||||||
| — | ἑαυτοὺς | yourselves | — | | | maior | — | — | ܒܐܘܪܚܐ | yourselves | ἑαυτοὺς | yourselves | ||||||
| — | διελογίζεσθε; | were you discussing? | — | | | esse | — | — | ܒܝܢܬܟܘܢ | were you discussing? | διελογίζεσθε | were you discussing? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||