The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | περὶ | About | περι | | | autem | Et | About | ܘܠܐܦܝ | About | Περὶ | About | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | circa | circa | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | me | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | ἐνάτην | ninth | — | | | horam | horam | ninth | ܬܫܥ | ninth | ἐνάτην | ninth | ||||||
| — | ὥραν | hour | ωραν | | | nonam | nonam | hour | — | — | ὥραν | hour | ||||||
| — | ἀνεβόησεν | cried out | ανεβοησεν | | | exclamauit | clamavit | cried out | ܫܥܝܢ | cried out | ἀνεβόησεν | cried out | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | — | | | heli | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | φωνῇ | in a voice | φωνη | | | uoce | voce | in a voice | ܩܥܐ | in a voice | φωνῇ | in a voice | ||||||
| — | μεγάλῃ | loud | μεγαλη | | | magna | magna | loud | — | — | μεγάλῃ | loud | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | λεγων | | | dicens | dicens | saying; | ܝܫܘܥ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | ηλι | Eli | ηλει | | | heli | Eli | Eli | — | — | Ἠλί | Eli | ||||||
| — | ηλι, | Eli, | ηλει | | | — | Eli | Eli, | ܒܩܠܐ | Eli, | Ἠλί | Eli, | ||||||
| — | λεμα | lema | — | | | lama | lamma | lema | ܪܡܐ | lema | λιμὰ | lema | ||||||
| — | σαβαχθανι; | sabachthani? | — | | | zapthani | sabacthani | sabachthani? | — | — | σαβαχθανί | sabachthani? | ||||||
| — | τοῦτ᾽ | That | τουτ | | | hoc | hoc | That | ܘܐܡܪ | That | Τοῦτ’ | That | ||||||
| — | ἔστιν· | is: | εστιν | | | est | est | is: | — | — | ἔστιν | is: | ||||||
| — | θεέ | God | — | | | ds | Deus | God | ܐܝܠ | God | Θεέ | God | ||||||
| — | μου | of Mine | μου | | | meus | meus | of Mine | — | — | μου | of Mine | ||||||
| — | θεέ | God | — | | | ds | Deus | God | ܐܝܠ | God | Θεέ | God | ||||||
| — | μου, | of Mine, | μου | | | meus | meus | of Mine, | — | — | μου | of Mine, | ||||||
| — | ἱνατί | so why | ϊνατι | | | ut | ut | so why | ܠܡܢܐ | so why | ἵνα | so why | ||||||
| — | με | Me | με | | | quid | quid | Me | — | — | τί | Me | ||||||
| — | ἐγκατέλιπες;¶ | have you forsaken? | — | | | reliquisti | dereliquisti | have you forsaken? | ܫܒܩܬܢܝ | have you forsaken? | με | have you forsaken? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||