The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἀπὸ | From | απο | | | ab | A | From | ܡܢ | From | Ἀπὸ | From | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | sexta | sexta | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | ἕκτης | the sixth | εκτης | | | autem | autem | the sixth | ܫܥܝܢ | the sixth | ἕκτης | the sixth | ||||||
| — | ὥρας | hour | ωρας | | | hora | hora | hour | ܕܝܢ | hour | ὥρας | hour | ||||||
| — | σκότος | darkness | σκοτος | | | tenebre | tenebræ | darkness | ܗܘܐ | darkness | σκότος | darkness | ||||||
| — | ἐγένετο | was | εγενετο | | | factae | factæ | was | ܚܫܘܟܐ | was | ἐγένετο | was | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | over | επι | | | sunt | sunt | over | ܥܠ | over | ἐπὶ | over | ||||||
| — | πᾶσαν | all | πασαν | | | super | super | all | ܟܠܗ | all | πᾶσαν | all | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | omnem | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | γῆν | land | γην | | | terram | terram | land | ܐܪܥܐ | land | γῆν | land | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | usque | usque | until | ܥܕܡܐ | until | ἕως | until | ||||||
| — | ὥρας | the hour | — | | | nonam | ad | the hour | ܠܫܥܐ | the hour | ὥρας | the hour | ||||||
| — | ἐνάτης. | ninth. | ενατης | | | horam | horam | ninth. | ܬܫܥ | ninth. | ἐνάτης | ninth. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||