The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Τὸ | <the> | το | | | identidem | — | — | — | — | Τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δ᾽ | And | — | | | fixi | Idipsum | And | ܗܟܘܬ | And | δ’ | And | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸ | likewise | αυτοι | | | autem | autem | likewise | ܐܦ | likewise | αὐτὸ | likewise | ||||||
| — | καὶ | even | και | | | et | et | even | ܓܝܤܐ | even | καὶ | even | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | λῃσταὶ | robbers | λησται | | | latrones | latrones | robbers | ܗܢܘܢ | robbers | λῃσταὶ | robbers | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | increpabant | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | ||||||
| — | συσταυρωθέντες | having been crucified | — | | | qui | qui | having been crucified | ܕܐܙܕܩܦܘ | having been crucified | συσταυρωθέντες | having been crucified | ||||||
| — | σὺν | with | συν | | | eum | crucifixi | with | ܥܡܗ | with | αὐτῷ | with | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | Him | αυτω | | | erant | erant | Him | ܡܚܤܕܝܢ | Him | ὠνείδιζον | Him | ||||||
| — | ὠνείδιζον | were upbraiding | ωνειδιζον | | | cum | cum | were upbraiding | ܗܘܘ | were upbraiding | αὐτόν | were upbraiding | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν.¶ | Him. | αυτον | | | eo | eo | Him. | ܠܗ | Him. | αὐτόν.¶ | Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||