The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἔδωκαν | they gave | — | | | et | Et | they gave | ܘܝܗܒܘ | they gave | ἔδωκαν | they gave | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | Him | — | | | dederunt | dederunt | Him | ܠܗ | Him | αὐτῷ | Him | ||||||
| — | πιεῖν | to drink | — | | | ei | ei | to drink | ܕܢܫܬܐ | to drink | πιεῖν | to drink | ||||||
| — | οἶνον | wine | — | | | uinum | vinum | wine | — | — | ὄξος | wine | ||||||
| — | μετὰ | with | — | | | bibere | bibere | with | ܚܠܐ | with | μετὰ | with | ||||||
| — | χολῆς | gall | — | | | cum | cum | gall | ܕܚܠܝܛ | gall | χολῆς | gall | ||||||
| — | μεμιγμένον, | mingled, | — | | | felle | felle | mingled, | ܒܡܪܪܬܐ | mingled, | μεμιγμένον | mingled, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | mixtum | mistum | and | ܘܛܥܡ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | γευσάμενος | having tasted | γευσαμενος | | | et | Et | having tasted | — | — | γευσάμενος | having tasted | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | uiuere | cum | not | ܘܠܐ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ἠθέλησεν | He wished | ηθελησεν | | | gustans | gustasset | He wished | ܨܒܐ | He wished | ἤθελεν | He wished | ||||||
| — | πιεῖν. | to drink it. | — | | | noluit | noluit | to drink it. | ܠܡܫܬܐ | to drink it. | πιεῖν | to drink it. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||