The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܗܝܕܝܢ | Then | Τότε | Then | ||||||
| — | λέγει | says | λεγει | | | dicit | dicit | says | ܐܡܪ | says | λέγει | says | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to Him | αυτω | | | illi | illi | to Him | ܠܗ | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | pilatus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Πιλᾶτος· | Pilate; | πιλατος | | | non | Non | Pilate; | ܠܐ | Pilate; | Πιλάτος | Pilate; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | audis | audis | Not | ܫܡܥ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | ἀκούεις | do you hear | ακουεις | | | quanta | quanta | do you hear | ܐܢܬ | do you hear | ἀκούεις | do you hear | ||||||
| — | πόσα | how many things | — | | | de | adversum | how many things | ܟܡܐ | how many things | πόσα | how many things | ||||||
| — | σου | You | — | | | testantur | te | You | ܡܤܗܕܝܢ | You | σου | You | ||||||
| — | καταμαρτυροῦσιν; | they witness against? | καταμαρτυρουσιν | | | te | dicunt | they witness against? | ܥܠܝܟ | they witness against? | καταμαρτυροῦσιν | they witness against? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||