The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | — | Et | And | ܘܬܘܒ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | again | παλιν | | | — | iterum | again | ܟܦܪ | again | πάλιν | again | ||||||
| — | ἠρνήσατο | he denied | ηρνησατο | | | — | negavit | he denied | ܒܡܘܡܬܐ | he denied | ἠρνήσατο | he denied | ||||||
| — | μετὰ | with | — | | | — | cum | with | ܕܠܐ | with | μεθ’ | with | ||||||
| — | ὅρκου | an oath | ορκου | | | — | juramento | an oath | — | — | ὅρκου | an oath | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | — | | | — | Quia | that | ܝܕܥ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | — | non | Not | ܐܢܐ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | οἶδα | I know | οιδα | | | — | novi | I know | ܠܗ | I know | οἶδα | I know | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | ἄνθρωπον. | man. | ανθρωπον | | | — | hominem | man. | ܠܓܒܪܐ | man. | ἄνθρωπον | man. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||