The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | — | At | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | ἠρνήσατο | he denied | ηρνησατο | | | — | ille | he denied | ܟܦܪ | he denied | ἠρνήσατο | he denied | ||||||
| — | ἔμπροσθεν | before | — | | | — | negavit | before | ܩܕܡ | before | ἔμπροσθεν | before | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | them | — | | | — | coram | them | ܟܠܗܘܢ | them | αὐτῶν | them | ||||||
| — | πάντων | all | παντων | | | — | — | — | ܘܐܡܪ | all | πάντων | all | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | λεγων | | | — | omnibus | saying; | ܠܐ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | — | dicens | Not | ܝܕܥ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | οἶδα | I know | οιδα | | | — | Nescio | I know | ܐܢܐ | I know | οἶδα | I know | ||||||
| — | τί | what | τι | | | — | quid | what | ܡܢܐ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | λέγεις. | you say. | λεγεις | | | — | dicis | you say. | ܐܡܪܐ | you say. | λέγεις | you say. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 27:62 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||